Differences: The topic sentence containing two key summary words is already
given at the beginning of the elaboration of the third characteristic:“the third
characteristic is to listen actively by taking comprehensive notes in an organized
way...”This sentence is not hard to comprehend, but selective attention is different
across these participants. Zhou’s retelling is “take comprehensible notes”.
Obviously, she mistook“comprehensible”for“comprehensive”; furthermore, the
other key word“organized”completely eluded her mind. Wu’s and Wei’s retellings
are the same:“take notes in an organized way”, leaving out“comprehensive”. Fan’s
retelling“comprehensive notes in organized way”is complete. In Phase 1, she
Table 7.9 Retelling protocols related to Gap Type 4-Summary gaps of 2013 TEM 8
Protocol 1 (Gap No. 5; Wrong answer;
TEM 4: 78; TEM 8 Mini: 3.5)Zhou: The third one is active learners listen actively,
so it...um listening actively means you take notes,
take notes. It take, um, what? Comprehensible notes.
Ok, take comprehensible notes like the listener
should be doing now
R: Ok, did you remember other words?
Zhou: No. I still forget it. Um...there should be one
more word before comprehensible, or something.
Comprehensible what or what comprehensible?
No. It’s lost
Protocol 2 (Gap No. 5; Wrong answer;
TEM 4: 78; TEM 8 Mini: 3)Wu: The third feature is that active learners take
notes in an organized way. Um. So that is what we
need to do now
Wu: And although passive learners do read some
newspapers or do read some books or attend some
lectures, but it is often the case that these students do
not listen in the teacher’s class...
Protocol 3 (Gap No. 5; Half correct;
TEM 4: 79; TEM 8 Mini: 4)Fan: The third characteristic is...what’s thefirst
point? I only remember to take notes,
comprehensive notes in organized way
R: So what is this part about?
Fan: Um. I forgot it. How to say? They are engaged
in activities, not note-taking, obviously. They read
newspapers. I forgot it
R: Are they active learners or passive learners?
Fan: They are passive learners
Protocol 4 (Gap No. 5; Half correct;
TEM 4: 77; TEM 8 Mini: 4.5)Wei: Um. The teacher said like what they are doing,
active listener will take notes in an organized way
R: Is it the second or third characteristic?
Wei: It’s the third. It’s about listening
R: And taking notes
Wei: In an organized way
Protocol 5 (Gap No. 5; Half correct;
TEM 4: 72; TEM 8 Mini: 6.5)Gao: Ok, the third one is to take comprehensive
notes in an organized way
Gao: The lecturer always found astonished that
those passive learners will come to the class without
taking any notes. They do every other things except
taking the notes118 7 Using Retelling Protocols to Explore Listeners’...