Testing Lecture Comprehension Through Listening-to-summarize Cloze Tasks

cognitive processes is already discussed in Chap. 6 , this section will mainly center
upon cognitive processes presented in Fig.8.2.

8.5.2.1 Decoding and Selective Attention

The most frequently used cognitive operation in decoding and selection process is
Reading notes(16 sources, 141 references) which obviously echoes the students’
questionnaire survey from which a dominant factor—note-taking is extracted. In the
students’questionnaire, high mean scores are assigned to notes-related items which
represent the main factor. Reading notes is the cognitive operation that all the 16

Decoding and selective attention

Reading notes

Memorizing words

Reading the task

Parsing the structure

...

Monitoring process

Assessing comprehension

Checking semantic coherence

Checking grammatical

acceptability

Checking quantity

...

Making a final decision

Schema

World

Topic

Test-wiseness strategies

Skipping the difficult

items

Predicting the tester’s

intention

Guessing randomly

...

Meaning and discourse construction

Interpreting

Inferring from the task

Using schema

Inferring from notes

Summarizing

Building coherence

Identifying key words

...

Task targets

Key points

Details

Inferences

Summaries

Fig. 8.2 The localized LCC model...............................

138 8 Linking Task Demands, Cognitive Processes...