Nicholas III, ‘Vineam sorec’ 69, 69n25,
212n54, 218, 219n90, 255, 255n62
Nicholas IV, pope 13n58, 17n76, 25, 25n124,
78, 78n64, 81, 81n86, 97, 110, 140,
140nn33–4, 159, 174, 174n61, 177, 177n81,
212, 213, 213nn56–7, 215nn67–71, 216n77,
234, 255n62, 257, 257n70, 261, 261nn90–3,
266, 276
Nicholas IV, ‘Sicut nobis significare’ 78, 78n64,
213n56
Nicholas Maniacutius 227, 262
Nimrod 62
Niort 70
Nizzahon Vetus 29n3, 47, 47nn104–5, 48,
48nn106–7, 55; see also Sefer Nisahon Yashan
Normandy, duchy of 118n87
Normans 12n56, 17n80, 45n92, 67nn4,
7, 86n116, 109n36, 110n46, 116nn73,
76, 78, 82, 130n154, 144nn54–5,
145n57, 146nn63, 67, 147n69,
148n75, 167n19, 169n188,
192nn194–5, 273
northern France 31, 42n72, 44n86, 59,
115n67, 132, 154n120, 272
northern Italy 21, 144
Norwich 12, 82, 82nn89, 90, 85n106,
86n111, 118, 130, 167
notaries 101, 263
‘Nova Lex’ 48
‘Nullus’ (decretal of Gratian) 97
Numbers, Book of 73, 205
Nur-al-Din 117
nurses 19, 130, 165–9, 182, 188–90, 220
oaths 45, 46, 115, 126, 145, 149, 151, 153,
157, 161
Oberwesel 70, 83
Occitan 129n147
Odo (Eudes) of Châteauroux, cardinal bishop
of Tusculum 50, 55n153, 122, 123, 158,
195, 196, 201, 202, 203, 204, 216n72
Odo of Deuil 114
Official family 195
Old Covenant 21, 76, 165, 175, 231, 234
Old Law 197, 200, 206
Old Temple 234
Old Testament 6, 6n25, 7, 7n32, 22, 24, 52,
73, 74, 91, 108, 141, 186, 195, 197, 205,
218, 224, 231, 247, 248, 253, 255, 260,
262, 263, 268
Oldradus Pontanus 200, 200n257
Oliver of Paderborn 120
Opera historica of Ralph of Diceto 44n87,
118nn84–5
‘Oral Torah’ 194, 198, 203, 204
Orders xi, 1, 22, 25, 54, 69, 118, 157, 173,
179, 198, 202, 216–18
Ordinances of Mélun 67
Ordines XXV/XXVI 235
Ordo Romanus XIII of Gregory X 237
original sin 52
Orleans 67, 83, 118n87, 133, 228
Ostia 88n123, 186
‘Other’, the 15n69, 73, 76, 89, 91, 102, 108
Oxford 171Pablo Christiani 62, 196
Pact of Omar 16n75
pagans 7, 18, 73, 82n88, 101, 174, 175, 177,
185, 189, 200, 208, 211, 223, 223n117,
246, 247, 256–9, 272
Palermo 43, 113, 228
Palestine 108, 123, 125
Palm Sunday 72
Pamiers 131, 139, 140n34
Pamplona (cathedral chapter of ) 139
Panormia 231
papacy 1–3, 5, 14, 15, 17, 23, 28–65, 69, 70,
72–7, 96, 96n174, 97, 102, 103, 105, 108,
110–28, 135–47, 156–8, 161, 163, 165,
177, 180–6, 188, 191–204, 207–25,
229–31, 233–4, 237–9, 243, 245, 256, 264,
266–70
papal adventus ceremonies 226, 232, 234–7,
241, 242
papal authority 35, 39, 40, 51, 60, 133, 211,
213, 233, 268
papal ceremonials 235n64, 238n96,
239nn101–2, 240n106, 242nn123–4,
242n129
papal chamberlain 227, 239
papal correspondence 4, 8–16, 18, 22, 27, 87,
94, 103, 146, 171, 193, 248, 250, 252–5,
257, 261, 266
papal crown 37, 126, 154, 235, 236
papal decretals 75, 105, 107, 163, 180,
186–91
papal General-Vicar for Sicily and
Calabria 235
papal household 244
papal inauguration 236
papal legate 111, 119, 120, 122, 125, 149,
185n140, 195, 202, 224
papal letters 4, 5n17, 11, 11n50, 14, 24, 27,
87n119, 101n2, 103n9, 105, 136, 145, 146,
165, 197, 252, 262, 273
papal policy 1n1, 2–6, 26, 26n130, 27, 28n1,
86n116, 112n58, 146n66, 167n19,
262n101, 266n1, 268, 271
papal processions 235
papal pronouncements 2, 4–6, 8n37, 12n54,
28, 45, 104, 115, 154, 180, 191, 246, 266–9
papal protection 12n57, 16, 24–5, 28, 34, 35,
39, 41n66, 42, 46, 49, 51, 60, 64–6, 72, 79,
90–7, 109, 112, 118, 182, 191, 243, 269
papal responses 26, 26n130
papal rhetoric 9, 245–65
Papal Schism 230n29, 252n37
papal statements 4, 16, 18n81, 26, 27, 110,
266, 267316 Index