National Geographic History - 11.2019 - 12.2019
Antipater behind in apparent control of the Greek peninsula. Olympias remained in Mace- donia and Alexander’s sister Cleopatra, ...
40 NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2019 choice since the Macedonians would never en- dure being ruled by a woman. Not long after, Alex- ander ...
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC HISTORY 41 knew an alliance with Olympias could be useful. She refused for several years, not trusting any o ...
GENERATION TO GENERATION A first-century b.c. statue of a Roman nobleman bearing the heads of his ancestors reflects the heredit ...
PRIZE OF THE ANCIENT WORLD From the days of the Republic to the height of the Empire, civitas—full Roman citizenship—was prized ...
44 NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2019 Roman citizenship was a complex concept that varied according to one’s gender, parentage, and social s ...
Senate and the People of Rome. The acronym SPQR stands for Senatus populusque Romanus and can be seen emblazoned on many Roman s ...
46 NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2019 In practice, the plebeians (the general citi- zenry) had fewer voting rights than the aristo- cratic p ...
NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC HISTORY 47 WHAT’S IN A NAME T he formula used for naming male citizens usually consisted of three elements. ...
the festival of the Liberalia was celebrated in Rome on March 17 every year in honor of Liber Pater, the god associated with win ...
THE ARA PACIS AUGUSTAE, CONSECRATED IN 13 B.C., BEARS FRIEZES DEPICTING MEMBERS OF EMPEROR AUGUSTUS’ FAMILY. THE CHILD AT THE CE ...
50 NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2019 citizens, women did not use the tria nomina, or three-part name. All the women from the same gens, or ...
Roman citizenship as a reward when he grad- uated. He could then enjoy all the advantages of his new status, including conubium, ...
By dangling the promise of obtaining citizen- ship, Roman generals reinforced the loyalty of auxiliary troops in the provinces. ...
step forward in the continuing Romanization of an empire about to reach its maximum bounds. Subsequent emperors continued this p ...
ABBEY WITH ARCHES Begun around 1040, the Church of Sainte-Foy at Conques in southern France is one of the earliest surviving exa ...
SACRED SPACES IN THE MIDDLE AGES ROMANESQUE REVOLUTION PEOPLE AND WEALTH MOVED ALONG THE PILGRIMAGE ROUTES OF MEDIEVAL EUROPE, S ...
C hristian Europe expe- rienced an upsurge in confidence in the 11th century. In 1095 Pope Urban II rejuvenated the church by la ...
1040 S The Romanesque style crystallizes in the Church of Sainte-Foy at Conques on the French pilgrimage route to Santiago. 1070 ...
shrine of St. James in Santiago. A magnificent Romanesque cathedral was built over the site of the tomb in the mid-11th century. ...
«
1
2
3
4
5
»
Free download pdf