Notes 8340. farms peaked near seven million: “Agriculture 9 0. Changes inAgriculture, 900 to 9 0 ,” in “U.S. Census of Agriculture— 9 0 , A Graphic
Summary,” vol. V, part 6 , US Department of Agriculture, accessed November
0 , 0 7 , http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/usda/AgCensusImages/ 9 0 / 0 / 06
/ 8 0 / 4 667073 vp 6 ch 4 .pdf.
4 . powerful banks and railroads: Howard, Concentration and Power, 8.
4 . Ninety-five percent of farm implements: W. Neuman, “Negotiated
Meanings and State Transformation: The Trust Issue in the Progressive Era,”
Social Problems 4 , no. 3 (August 998 ): 3 – 3 , https://doi.org/ 0 . 307 / 3097 89.
43. Ironically, breaking up the trusts: Ibid.
44. the whaling fleet doubled in size: “How the Oil Industry Saved the
Whales,” San Joaquin Valley Geology, last modified October , 0 , http:
//www.sjvgeology.org/history/whales.html; for more information see: “The
History of the Oil Industry,” San Joaquin Valley Geology, last modified Janu-
ary , 0 7 , http://www.sjvgeology.org/history/index.html; “History of the
Oil and Gas Industry,” Business Reference Services, BERA / 6 , 00 / 006 ,
last modified February 6 , 0 8 , http://www.loc.gov/rr/business/BERA/issue
/history.html; Samuel Pees, “Whale Oil,” Petroleum History Institute, ac-
cessed November 0 , 0 7 , http://www.petroleumhistory.org/OilHistory/pages
/Whale/whale.html; Bennett Wall, “Oil Industry,” History, accessed March
9 , 0 8 , https://www.history.com/topics/oil-industry.
4 . Mergers and acquisitions benefited: Howard, Concentration and
Power, 8 – 9.
46. When Bill Clinton took over: Lynn, Cornered, 70.
47. monopoly is the best friend: Ibid., chap. .
48. “deadly combination.”: Neil Harl, “The Structural Transformation of
Agriculture,” presented at the 003 Master Farmer Awards Ceremony, West
Des Moines, Iowa, March 0 , 003 , http://www.econ.iastate.edu/faculty
/harl/Structural TransformationofAg.pdf; Neil Harl, “Antitrust Issues in the
New Food System,” presented at American Agricultural Economics Asso-
ciation Workshop, Tampa, Florida, July 9 , 000 , http://www.farmfoundation.
org/news/articlefiles/ 94 -harl.pdf; Neil Harl, “The Age of Contract Agricul-
ture: Consequences of Concentration in Input Supply,” Journal of Agribusi-
ness 8 , no. (March 000 ): – 7 , http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream
/ 470 // 80 0 .pdf.
49. Formed on the eve of the Great Depression: Donald Barnes et al.,
“The Capper-Volstead Act: Opportunity Today and Tomorrow,” presented
at the National Council of Farmer Cooperatives’ National Institute on Co-
operative Education, Annual Conference, Pittsburgh, PA, August , 997 , http:
//www.uwcc.wisc.edu/info/capper.html.