Glossary/Index A77Fifth Amendment, 79, 108, 109, 113,
137–38, 140, 153, 182fighting words, 126 Forms of expres-
sion that “by their very utterance”
can incite violence. These can be
regulated by the government but are
often difficult to define.filibuster, 411–12, 610 A tactic used by
senators to block a bill by continu-
ing to hold the floor and speak—
under the Senate rule of unlimited
debate—until the bill’s supporters
back down.Fillmore, Millard, 421filtering of news, 2 4 6 – 47, 250–51 The
influence on public opinion that
results from journalists’ and editors’
decisions about which of many
potential news stories to report.Finance Committee, 540
financial crisis (2008), 533, 535, 548,
548–50, 559
Fiorina, Carly, 320fire alarm oversight, 482 A method of
oversight in which members of
Congress respond to complaints
about the bureaucracy or problems
of implementation only as they arise
rather than exercising constant
vigilance.First Amendment, 65, 102, 105–6, 108,
108, 110–11, 112–29
and campaign financing, 325
establishment clause in, 111, 114–15
on freedom of religion, 110–11,
112–17
on freedom of speech, assembly,
and press, 117–29, 143–44
free exercise clause in, 111, 114,
115–17
limits to freedoms in, 105–6
and privacy rights, 140
selective incorporation of, 113
Supreme Court on, 515–16, 516
First Circuit Court, 497fiscal federalism, 83–88 A form of
federalism in which federal fundsare allocated to the lower levels
of government through transfer
payments or grants.fiscal policy, 533, 540, 551–56, 568
Government decisions about how
to influence the economy by taxing
and spending.Fisher, Abigail, 190, 190, 191
Fisher v. Univ. of Texas, 179, 191
501(c)(3) organizations, 361, 361– 62
501(c)(4) organizations, 325, 361, 362527 organizations, 269, 322, 361 , 362 A
tax-exempt group formed primarily
to influence elections through voter
mobilization efforts and to issue
ads that do not directly endorse or
oppose a candidate. Unlike PACs,
527 organizations are not subject to
contribution limits and spending
caps.FiveThirtyEight, 24–25, 215, 236, 238
flag
of Confederacy, 121
of U.S., and symbolic speech, 120,
120 –21
Flag Protection Act (1989), 120
Flake, Jeff, 2, 4, 240, 335
Flint, Michigan, 163, 464
flood insurance, 424–25
Flores, Bill, 396
Flores, City of Boerne v., 91
Florida
death penalty in, 140
drug-sniffing dogs in, 107
gun laws in, 131
Latinos in, 154
presidential election of 2000 in, 301
presidential election of 2016 in, 287,
305, 305, 307, 309
presidential primary elections in, 303
shooting incidents in, 130, 131
voting districts in, 175
women on juries in, 157
Florida, Seminole Tribe v., 91
focus groups, 214
Food and Drug Administration (FDA),
7, 4 6 0
drug approval process of, 457, 461,
462–63, 482, 482, 483
as independent agency, 471
regulatory capture of, 561food stamps, 577, 578, 580, 586, 594,
603–4
Forbes, 540, 579
Ford, Gerald, 311, 422–23, 4 47, 622
Ford, Henry, 557
Foreign Affairs Committee, 630
foreign aid, 640–41, 641
Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board,
627
Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act
(1978), 135, 136, 136
Foreign Intelligence Surveillance
Cour t, 135, 136
Foreign Miners Tax, 155foreign policy, 421, 429–30, 430 , 443,
614–53 Government actions that
affect countries, corporations,
groups, or individuals outside
America’s borders.
alliances and treaties in, 429–30,
630, 641–42
antiterrorism efforts in, 616, 617,
618, 624, 624, 625, 631, 642,
646–48
congressional role in, 626, 626, 629,
630, 650
definition of, 616
diplomacy in, 637–38, 639
economic sanctions in, 640, 649,
649
financial aid in, 640–41
history of, 619–26
implied powers in, 63
interest group influence on, 631,
634
judicial branch in, 631
media influence on, 634
military in, 617–24, 628, 642
of Obama, 429, 430, 430, 618–19,
624, 629, 633, 634, 635
political conflicts on, 643, 650
presidential power in, 421, 429–30,
626, 626–27, 628–29, 650
principles and perspectives in,
616–19
public opinion on, 634–36
soft power in, 623–24
trade in, 623, 624, 626, 638–40,
643–46, 650
of Trump, 429, 430, 614–16, 617, 618,
624, 626, 629, 631, 633, 634, 635,
637–38, 640, 641
weapons of mass destruction as
factor in, 648–50Full_23_APT_64431_GLO_IND_A61-A114.indd 77 19/11/18 3:15 PM