History of War – October 2019

BattlEoFPrEston^05

TheNewModelArmydecisivelydefeats

aninvadingScottishforceat Preston.For

lessthan 100 killed,theParliamentarians

kill2,000ScotsandEnglishRoyalistsand

capture9,000.Theengagementeffectively

endstheSecondCivilWar.

14 June 1645

1 May-25June 1646

17-19August 1648

thirdsiEgEoFoxFord^04
After Charles I flees his Royalist headquarters at
Oxford, Sir Thomas Fairfax besieges the university
city. Fairfax repeatedly implores the garrison to
surrender to preserve the buildings before an
honourable surrender is concluded. The fall of
RoyalistOxfordis a symbolicendto thefirstwar.

February1648-30January 1649

04 ThirdSiegeofoxford

(^06) BaTTleofdunBar
02 BaTTleofmarSTonmoor
03 BaTTleofnaSeBy
BaTTle ofPreSTon^05
01 BaTTleofedgehill
BaTTle of WorceSTer 07
Cromwell defeats and captures James
Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton at Preston.
Hamilton is a veteran of the Thirty Years’
War who is later beheaded in March 1649
Charles makes Christ Church College his residence
in Oxford. Fairfax later writes to the city’s governor,
“I very much desire the preservation of that place
(so famous for learning) from ruin”
Above:A contemporarywoodcutdepictsCharlesI
imprisonedat CarisbrookeCastleontheIsleof Wight
sECond English Civil War
Charles I is held in captivity by Parliament but
he secretly concludes an agreement with the
Scottish Covenanters to invade England and
restore him to power. Uprisings also occur
across England and Wales but Parliamentarian
forces defeat all in their path.
BattlEoFnasEBy^03
Sir Thomas Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell decisively
defeat Charles I in Northamptonshire where
thousands of Royalists are captured or killed.
Charles escapes but his main army is destroyed
and his private papers are captured. Parliament
is now able to mop up resistance in England.
The New Model Army kill at least 100 female Royalist camp
followers after Naseby before moving on to capture Leicester.
The killings stain the Parliamentarian victory