Ýèö 1<3@
0U [OL ZLJVUK VM H [OYLLWHY[ ZLYPLZØïì çè Ëò÷÷òñ
L_WSVYLZ OV^ OPZ Z[\KLU[Z HUK ZVJPL[` JHU ILULMP[
MYVT SLHYUPUN KPZJ\ZZPVU ZRPSSZ
*HU Ö[HSRPUN
ZJOVVSZ× JYLH[L
ZVJPHS OHYTVU`&
Ü
V (JOPSSLZ PZ [OL NYLH[LZ[
^HYYPVY I[ OL PZ RPSSLK
I7HYPZ ^OV ZLLTZ WYL[[ ^LHR& (UK PZ OL
H NVK VY UV[&Ú
Ù0U HSS [OLZL Z[VYPLZ
[OL WLVWSL RUV^ ^OH[×Z
NVPUN [V OHWWLU HUK
[OLKV [OL KHUNLYV\Z [OPUNZ HU^H >O& (UK ^OKV [OL NVKZ L]LU JHYL NP]LU [OL SP]L MVYL]LY&Ú
Ù>OHYL TVZ[ VM [OL MPNO[LYZ TLU HS[OV\NO H SV[ VM [OL NVKZ HYL ^VTLU&Ú 1\Z[ ZVTL VM [OL X\LZ[PVUZ @LHY HZRLK TL ^OLU 0 ^HZ JV]LYPUN [OLPY ,UNSPZO SLZZVUZ SHZ[ [LYT ;OL ^LYL Z[\KPUN /VTLY×Z7KH ,OLDG [OYV\NO [OL TVKLYU YLPTHNPUPUN VM7KH 6RQJ RI $FKLOOHVI 4HKLSPUL 4PSSLY
;OL X\LZ[PVUZ [OLTZLS]LZ Ô HSTVZ[JLY[HPUS KLZPNULK [V RLLW TL MYVT ZL[[PUN [OL ^VYR Ô \UJV]LY ZVTL[OPUN PTWVY[HU[ HIV\[ J\YYPJ\S\T HUK [OL YVSL VM [HSR ^P[OPU P[ ;OL Z[\KLU[Z ^LYL ZLHYJOPUN MVY PKLHZ [V [OPUR ^P[O! [OL UH[\YL VM PTTVY[HSP[ MH[L NLUKLY YVSLZ ;OL RUL^ [OL Z[VY Ô [OL MHJ[Z Ô VM [OL ;YVQHU
^HY I[ ULLKLK [V SVJH[L [OLT PU [OL IPNNLY
JVUJLW[Z H[ WSHPU [OL Z[\K VM JSHZZPJZ
;OPZ PZ WLYOHWZ H MHTPSPHY WH[[LYU HJYVZZ [OL
J\YYPJ\S\T ^OLYL ZVJHSSLK IPN PKLHZ Ô [OL
HJJLZZ WVPU[Z [V [OL Ù[Y[OZÚ VM Z\IQLJ[Z Ô HYL
VUSM\SS HWWYLJPH[LK [OYV\NO KLLW [OV\NO[
;OL HLZ[OL[PJ PU HY[ [OL UH[\YL VM WV^LY PU
OPZ[VY [OL KUHTPJZ VM [OL LUZLTISL PU
T\ZPJ [OL THRL\W VM TH[LYPHSZ PU ZJPLUJL
;OPZ PZ ^OLYL VYHJJVTLZ PU 0UMVYTLK KPZJ\ZZPVU OLSWZ [V IYPKNL [OL KP]PKL IL[^LLU MHJ[\HS RUV^SLKNL HUK JVUJLW[\HS \UKLYZ[HUKPUN HZ P[ KLTHUKZ JVNUP[P]L Z[YL[JO YLHZVUPUN HUK YLMSLJ[PVU /V^ LSZL JV\SK Z[\KLU[Z ILNPU [V NYHZW [OL JVTWSL_P[
VM [OL PKLHZ ^L HYL WYLZLU[PUN [V [OLT&
9VIPU (SL_HUKLY HU HJHKLTPJ H[ [OL
<UP]LYZP[` VM *HTIYPKNL HUK H\[OVY VM
7RZDUGV 'LDORJLF 7HDFKLQJ ZLLZ KPHSVN\L
HZ [OL TLHUZ [OYV\NO ^OPJO ÙW\WPSZ SLHYU
[V YLHZVU KPZJ\ZZ HYN\L HUK L_WSHPUÚ
0U V\Y JVU[L_[ H ZJOVVS PU :[YH[MVYK
,HZ[ 3VUKVU ^L OH]L MV\UK [OH[ I`
WYHJ[PZPUN [OLZL ZRPSSZ MYVT [OL Z[HY[
JOPSKYLU UV[ VUS` ILJVTL TVYL HY[PJ\SH[L
I\[ PTWYV]L [OLPY SVNPJ ;OL` HYL IL[[LY
HISL [V TVIPSPZL IP[Z VM PUMVYTH[PVU PU[V
JVOLYLU[ [OV\NO[ ;OPZ PZ OLSWPUN \Z IH[[SL
[OL ZJV\YNL VM LZZH`Z [OH[ YLN\YNP[H[L
MHJ[Z ^P[OV\[ HU` SPUL VM HYN\TLU[ HTVUN
V[OLY [OPUNZ
;OL RL` OHZ ILLU HU LTWOHZPZ VU
L_WSVYH[VY` [HSR HUK [OL KL]LSVWTLU[ VM
HU HZZVJPH[LK [VVSRP[ 5LPS 4LYJLY HUV[OLY
*HTIYPKNL HJHKLTPJ ZLLZ [OYLL [`WLZ VM
[HSR PU JSHZZYVVTZ! J\T\SH[P]L KPZW\[H[PVUHS
HUK L_WSVYH[VY`
;OL MPUHS [`WL OL WYVWVZLZ PZ [OL SLHZ[
\ZLK I\[ TVZ[ PTWVY[HU[ *\T\SH[P]L [HSR
ZLLZ PKLHZ YLWLH[LK HUK I\PS[ VU I\[ UV[
JOHSSLUNLK ^OPSL KPZW\[H[PVUHS [HSR VM[LU
LUKZ \W PU ZSHUNPUN TH[JOLZ 5LP[OLY
L_[LUKZ [OPURPUN
)` JVU[YHZ[ L_WSVYH[VY` [HSR PZ RUV^SLKNL
PUMVYTLK HUK PU[LYYVNH[PUN 0[ PZ WYLWHYLK
MVY PU HK]HUJL HUK YLMSLJ[LK \WVU HM[LY^HYKZ
0[ JV\SK JVU[HPU WOYHZLZ SPRL Ù3PURPUN [V
^OH[ B_D ZHPKÚ VY Ù;V JOHSSLUNL ^OH[ `V\
ZHPKßÚ ;OLYL TH` IL ZOHYLK HNYLLTLU[ VY
YLJVNUP[PVU VM KPMMLYLUJL 0[ PZ [OYV\NO [OPZ
WYVJLZZ [OH[ JOPSKYLU SLHYU [V MYHTL HUK
YLMYHTL ;OL` L_WSVYL [OL IPN PKLHZ [OH[
[OL` OH]L UV[ X\P[L NYHZWLK THRPUN [OL
OHYK `HYKZ HZ [OL` YLHJO MVY KLW[O
:V ^OH[ KVLZ [OPZ SVVR SPRL PU WYHJ[PJL&
;OL [LJOUPX\LZ ^L \ZL HYL KL]LSVWPUN HUK
L_WHUKPUN HSS [OL [PTL PU [OL OHUKZ VM V\YÙ
6YHJ` ZWLJPHS!WHY[ [^V
¶