Notes
:لاكع أْ حٌىٍّخص حلاط١ش ٠ؤطٟ رعي٘خ ِخٟٟ طخَ
Before that + ِحػي ضحَ After that + ِحػي ذٓيؾ
He went back home. Before that, he had finished his job.
She had seen the film. After that, she went to bed.
: حٌّزخَٗ غ١َ فٟ أ٠٠خ حٌظخَ حٌّخٟٟ ٠ٚٔظويَ
She said she had seen the film the night before.
: حٌّزخَٗ غ١َ فٟ حٌظخَ حٌّخٟٟ اٌٟ ٖٚكٌٕٛخ حٌّزخَٗ فٟ ر٢١ٔ ِٟٟخ أٛلا وخٔض حٌـٍّش ٌٖ٘ٚ
She said, "I saw the film last night."
ِع ُِٓ حٌّخٟٟ حٌظخَ By then حٚ By + time لاكع حٓظويحَ وٍّخص ِؼً
He arrived home at 11 o'clock yesterday. By then, the rain had stopped.
By 2010, the project had been completed.
رعي حٌظخَ حٌّخٟٟ ٠ٚٔظويَ: wish حٌّخٟٟ فٟ حٌظّٕٟ عٓ ٌٍظعز١َ
I wish I had worked harder last year.
: if حٌؼخٌؼش رعي حٌلخٌش فٟ أ٠٠خ حٌظخَ حٌّخٟٟ ٠ٚٔظويَ
If she hadn't called, I wouldn't have known. (^)
(^)
(^)
(^)
Tense Passive
Past simple جٌّحػٝ جٌرٓيـؾ^ Obj + was – were + p^ .p
Past continuous ٍجٌّٓطّـ^ جٌّحػٝ^ Obj + was – were + being + p.p
Past perfect جٌّحػٝ جٌطـحَ^ Obj + had been + p.p
Passive : The room was cleaned by her. ( past simple )
Passive : (^) The flowers were being picked by the gardener. ( past continuous )
Passive : The lesson had been explained by the teacher. ( past perfect )
: ولكن نستخدم الصٌغة التالٌة didـ وجود فى المبنى للمجهول للا
was - were + not + p.pفٝ حٌّخٟٝ حٌز٢١ٔ
He didn‟t pay the bill. = The bill wasn‟t paid.
فى المجهول : ( to be + p.p. )نستخدم ( to + inf. )فى حالة الأفعال المتبوعة بـ
I want you to tell me the truth. = I want to be told the truth.
فى المجهول : ( being + p.p. ) نستخدم ( v.+ ing )فى حالة الأفعال المتبوعة بـ
I hate people telling me lies. = I hate being told lies.
Drill 4
Language
- Read the text and underline the actions that happened frst (the past perfect). Then, circle
the correct form of the verbs.
Before Mrs Reed allowed / had allowed Jane to leave the room, Jane became / had become ill. A
doctor visited / had visited Jane before and 4 told / had told Mrs Reed that it would be better if
Active & Passive المعلـوم و المجهــــول
حٌّفعـــٛي + V. to be حٌظ٠َٜف حٌؼخٌغ + + by + حٌفـخعـً