Case 2:Case 3:(^30)
2
L
L
2
2 0
0
3
(^32)
2
2
T
f f
L
2 0
2
T
T
(^50)
4
L
L
3
3 0
0
5
(^53)
2
4
T
f f
L
0
3
3
16
T
T
Case 4: 0
7
4
L
L
^
4
4 0
0
14
(^74)
2
4
T
f f
L
^
0
(^416)
T
T
3.Sol: 1 -2 process is isothermal and 2-3 process
is isochoric.
(I)
0 2 0
1 2
1
ln 1 ln ln2
3 3
f
i
V T V RT
W nRT R
V V
W2 3 0
0
1 2 3 1 2 2 3 3 ln2
RT
W W W
(II) ( )
2 f i
f
U nR T T
0
1 2 3 0
3
1
2 3
T
U R T
^0
RT (II R )
Q1 2 3 U W1 2 3 1 2 3 (Firstlawof thermodynamics)
0
0 3 ln2
RT
RT
(^0) [3 ln2]
3
RT
(III T )
(IV) Q U W1 2 1 2 1 2
0 0 ln2^0 ln2
3 3
RT RT
(IV P )
4.Sol: (I) W W W1 2 3 1 2 2 3
P V V 0 [2 0 0 ] 0 PV0 0
W PV1 2 3 0 0
0
3
RT
(I Q )
(II) 1 2 3^00 0 0
3 3
2
2 2
P
U V PV
0 0 0 0 0
3
2 3
2
PV PV RT (II R )
Q U W1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3
Case 2:
Case 3:
Case 4:
3.Sol:
4.Sol:
0 0
0
4
3 3
RT RT
RT (III S )
(IV) Q nC T1 2 P
2 1
5
( )
2
n R T T
0 0 0 0
5
2
2
P V PV
0 0
5
6
RT (IV U )