The Emperor, the Senate, and the Provinces lines – means ‘‘whoever is governorof the (relevant) province,’’ and is a
wayofreferring,withoutalistofdifferenttitles,tothevarioustypesofpro-
vincialgovernor.TheGreekdocumentisfollowedbyaletter,giveninLatin
andGreek,from[.]Vinicius,proconsulofAsia,tothecityofCyme.Iaccept
theviewoftheoriginaleditor,H.W.Pleket,thatthisisL.Vinicius,suffect
consulinandthusproconsulprobablyin–.^59 Hetakesactiononthe
information of one Apollonides L(ucii) f(ilius) No[raceus] that the ‘‘shrine
of LiberPater’’hasbeen‘‘possessed’’byaprivateperson,‘‘eventhoughthe
club members wished to restore the cult to the god byorderof Augustus
Caesar’’(ll.–);healsowritesthatthetempleistobeinscribed‘‘Imp(erator)
Caesar,sonofthedeifiedIulius,Augustusrestoredit’’(ll.–).Thus,what-
evertheexactformalstatusofthepronouncementbyAugustusandAgrippa
(anditdoesnotfitpreciselyintoanyknowncategory),itwasregardedin
theprovinceasanorderofAugustus.^60
Thenwehavetheedict,datingto..,^61 bywhichAugustusprotected
thetraditionalrightoftheJewstosendmoneytoJerusalem.Itwasissued,
itshouldbenoted,attheinstanceofembassiesfromtheJewsoftwopublic
provinces,AsiaandCyrene.Thetextoftheedict,preservedbyJosephus,^62
mentions that it is to be inscribed at a place appointed by the provincial
councilofAsia.^63 AfewyearslaterIullusAntonius,proconsulofAsia,wrote
aletter,alsoreproducedbyJosephus,^64 toEphesus,sayingthattheJewshad
quoted to him the permission granted them by Augustus and Agrippa to
observetheirancestralcustoms,andinstructingtheEphesianstobehaveac-
cordingly.InthesamecontextJosephusgivesaletterofCaesartoNorbanus
Flaccus, proconsul of Asia, instructing him to let the Jews send money to
PraefectiIureDicundoinAsiaandGreece,’’AJPh():,thatthisreferstoa‘‘pre-
fecture’’ofaPraefectus iure dicundo(prefectwithciviljurisdiction)inaGreekcity.
. H. W. Pleket,The Greek Inscriptions in the ‘‘Rijksmuseum van Oudheden’’ at Leyden
(),no.;seepp.–andcf.R.Syme,JRS():.
. IcannotfollowtheviewsofK.M.T.Atkinson,‘‘‘Restitutioinintegrum’and‘ius-
sumAugustiCaesaris’inanInscriptionatLeyden,’’RIDA():,thatthepronounce-
mentofAugustusandAgrippaexpressesadecreeoftheSenate,thattheseconddocument
dates to after .., or that ‘‘iussum’’ (order) is not a reference to the first document.
Furthermore,aswillbeshownbelow,imperialactioninAsiawasnotunusualevenbetween
and..
. For the date, see G. W. Bowersock, ‘‘C. Marcius Censorinus, Legatus Caesaris,’’
HSCPh():.
. Jos.,Ant. Jud.,–;–EhrenbergandJones,no..
. SeeJ.Deininger,Die Provinziallandtage der römischen Kaiserzeit(),,n..
. Jos.,Ant. Jud.,–EhrenbergandJones,no..