Advances in the Study of Bilingualism

80 Part 2: Bilingual Language Development

Table 4.8

WELSH performance by structure, age, and home language

Structures

2–3

4–5

7–8

13–15

• 
  

OEH

WEH

OWH – OEH

WEH

OWH –

OEH

WEH

OWH

• 
  

OEH

WEH

OWH

A. Similar:

Comparative

0.60

0.46

0.94

0.78

1.26

1.55

2.35

2.50

2.63

2.89

2.92

2.87

Superlative

0.60

0.77

0.69

0.87

1.05

1.55

1.76

2.05

2.23

2.61

2.56

2.84

Future

0.10

0.39

0.25

0.48

0.68

0.91

0.69

1.05

1.60

1.83

1.96

2.68

Universal/Exhaustive

Quantifi

cation

0.20

0.69

0.88

1.00

1.21

1.55

2.41

2.18

2.50

2.89

2.72

2.71

Existential/Non-exhaustive

Quantifi

cation

0.50

0.46

0.81

0.91

1.58

1.27

2.45

2.27

2.73

3.00

2.88

2.87

B. Dissimilar:

Passive

0.40

0.31

1.13

0.91

1.00

1.68

2.17

2.50

2.77

2.83

3.00

2.68

Present Perfect

0.70

0.69

1.06

1.26

1.63

1.36

2.41

2.59

2.50

2.56

2.80

2.65

Time conjunctions

0.20

0.69

0.81

1.04

1.26

1.32

1.97

1.91

2.07

2.78

2.60

2.68

OS Relative Clauses

0.30

0.08

0.56

0.70

1.00

1.55

1.97

1.96

1.93

2.28

2.32

2.55

SS Relative Clauses

0.40

0.23

0.38

0.65

1.16

0.82

1.48

1.68

1.87

2.44

2.44

2.77

SO Relative Clauses

0.10

0.54

0.63

0.61

1.21

0.86

1.28

1.55

1.67

2.06

2.24

2.42

AVERAGE, all structures

0.43

0.59

0.79

0.97

1.30

1.46

2.03

2.13

2.32

2.61

2.64

2.73

OWH – %

45.6

25.3

33.6

11.0

12.5

8.2

4.4

3.3