Bilingual Construction of Two Systems 79
Table 4.7
ENGLISH performance by structure, age, and home language
Structures
2–3
4–5
7–8
13–15
M
OEH
WEH OWH M
OEH
WEH OWH M
OEH
WEH OWH M
OEH
WEH
OWH
A. Similar:
Comparative
0.78 0.90 0.69 1.13
1.79 1.58 1.32 1.59 3.00 2.79 2.64 2.66 2.95 2.89
2.92
2.94
Superlative
0.83 0.60 0.54 0.56
1.50 1.04 1.32 0.82 2.41 2.07 1.86 2.09 2.80 2.72
2.88
2.94
Future
0.91 0.80 0.39 0.50
1.08 1.04 1.26 0.91 2.12 1.66 2.00 1.72 2.80 2.50
2.40
2.65
Universal/Exhaustive
Quantifi
cation
0.91 0.60 0.54 0.44
1.68 1.08 1.26 0.91 2.41 2.52 2.32 2.28 2.85 2.78
2.80
2.71
Existential/Non-
exhaustive Quantifi
cation
1.00 0.80 0.31 0.50
1.47 1.42 1.37 1.18 2.71 2.55 2.36 2.41 3.00 2.89
2.84
2.94
B. Dissimilar:
Passive
1.13 1.00 0.62 0.81
2.26 1.96 1.84 1.86 2.82 2.79 2.55 2.69 2.95 2.94
2.96
2.77
Present Perfect
1.00 0.70 0.54 0.69
2.40 2.13 1.63 0.91 2.71 2.66 2.55 2.31 2.85 2.89
2.84
2.71
Time conjunctions
1.30 0.60 0.62 0.44
1.71 1.04 1.37 1.27 2.47 2.03 1.73 2.13 2.70 2.89
2.72
2.81
OS Relative Clauses
0.87 0.70 0.69 0.44
1.40 1.58 1.32 1.18 2.53 2.59 2.41 2.28 2.75 2.56
2.72
2.71
SS Relative Clauses
0.78 0.80 0.46 0.25
0.95 1.08 1.11 0.77 2.24 2.07 2.18 1.91 2.85 2.67
2.60
2.65
SO Relative Clauses
0.87 0.50 0.69 0.44
1.08 1.58 1.26 1.09 2.53 2.38 2.09 1.94 2.75 2.56
2.72
2.71
AVERAGE, all structures
1.06 0.83 0.66 0.63
1.71 1.53 1.50 1.25 2.58 2.43 2.32 2.30 2.86 2.79
2.79
2.79
MON – %
21.7 37.7 40.6
10.5 12.3 26.9
5.8
10.0 10.9
2.4
2.4
2.4