INDEX 317ordering numbers 22–3
ordinal compass points 254
origin 248, 249
ounces 188, 191P
parallel lines 205, 208–09
parallelograms 216
angles inside 244
area 173, 309
perimeter 166
partitioning for addition 83, 85
partitioning for division 138–39
partitioning for multiplication
110–11
partitioning for subtraction 91, 92
patterns
multiplication 107
number 14–5
tessellation 264
pence 198
pentagonal number sequence
17
pentagonal prism 227
pentagons 219
angles inside 246, 247
dodecahedron 225
lines of symmetry 257
percentage change 68–9
percentages 64–5
finding 66–7
fractions 74
pie charts 293
probability 298, 299
proportion and 70
perimeter 164–65
area and 176–77
circles 221
formulas for 166–67, 309
perpendicular lines 210–11
pictograms (pictographs)
282–83
pie charts 292–93, 294–95
pints 189, 190
place holder (zero) 11, 13
place-value grid 86
place value 12–3
column addition 86
division 136
expanded column addition
84–5
multiplying by 10, 100, and
1000 108
ordering numbers 22
rounding decimals 61
rounding up and down 26,
27
significant digits 21
Plato 225
Platonic solids 225plotting points using
coordinates 249,
250, 251
plus sign 78
points
angles around 235
cardinal 254
polygons 212
angles inside 246, 247
irregular 213
naming 218–19
polyhedrons 225
prisms 227
quadrilaterals 216–17, 244
regular 213
triangle 214–15
using coordinates to draw
251
polyhedrons 225
prisms 226–27
position and direction
252–53
positive coordinates 250, 251
positive numbers 18–9
pounds (mass) 188, 191
pounds (money) 198
powers (indices) 152
pre-image 260, 261
prime factors 34–5
prime numbers 32–3, 34, 35
prisms 226–27
triangular 229
probability 267, 296–99
product 98
proportion 71
fractions 74
scaling 72
protractor 236, 294, 295
using a 238–39
pyramids
square-based 225, 229
triangular-based 224Q
quadrants of a graph 250,
251
quadrilateral polygon 213
quadrilaterals 216–17, 219
angles inside 244–45
areas 173
quick counting 24
quotient 131R
radius (radii) 220, 221
range of values 280, 281
ratio 70
fractions and 74
scaling 73
raw data 268rectangles 216, 217
angles inside 244
area 168, 170, 171
lines of symmetry in 257
nets of 229
perimeter 164, 165, 166, 309
rectangular prism 227
reflection 260–61
reflective symmetry 256–57, 259
reflex angles 233
measuring 239
regular decagon 218
regular dodecagon 219
regular heptagon 218
regular hexagon 218
regular icosagon 219
regular nonagon 219
regular octagon 219
regular pentagon 219
regular polyhedron 225
regular quadrilateral 219
regular triangle 218, 240
remainders
converting 148–49
division 128, 130
partitioning 139
repeated addition 99
repeated subtraction 129
expanded short division 140
rhombus 216, 217
right-angled triangles 215, 240
area 172
right angles 232, 233
in squares 216
in triangles 241
perpendicular lines and
210, 211
Roman numerals 10–11
on clocks 192
rotation 262–63
angles of 230
rotational symmetry 258–59
rounding up and down 26–7
decimals 61
money 200
numbers 25
rules for sequences 14, 15S
scale
Celsius 186
Fahrenheit 186
Kelvin 186
probability 297
scale drawings 73
scale factors 73
scalene triangles 215, 241
area 172
perimeter 167
scaling up and down 72–3seconds (time) 192
sectors,
circles 220, 221
pie charts 293, 294, 295
segment 220, 221
sequences 306–07
cube numbers 39
Fibonacci 17
number 14–7
pentagonal numbers 17
series 14
sets of data 269, 272
averages 276
bar charts 285
block graphs 284
median 278
mode 279
numbers 273
pictograms 282
pie charts 293
range 280
Venn diagrams 274, 275
shapes
circles 220
number sequences 16–7
perimeters of 164
three-dimensional (3D)
222–25
two-dimensional (2D) 212,
213, 220
sharing 128
shopkeeper’s addition 93,
95
short division 142–43
expanded 140–41, 148
short multiplication 116–17
expanded 114–15
sides
missing lengths 171
perimeters 164, 165
polygons 212, 213, 218
quadrilaterals 216, 217,
218, 219
triangles 214, 215
significant digits 21
ordering decimals 60
ordering numbers 22
rounding up and rounding
down 27
simplifying fractions 46
simplifying numbers 25
slopes 205, 207
spheres 224
spiral shapes 17
square-based pyramid 225
net of 229
square numbers 36–7, 38
sequence of 16
square roots 38
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