jeff_l
(Jeff_L)
#1
7.3 Verb classes and irregular verbs 425
location. Depending on whether the current location is 'here' or somewhere
else, Centripetal -\add or Centrifugal -(h)ln is used (428).
(428) a. andak s-i-ha s-\dad t-ahe-d
where? here that-XCentrip 2S-be.in.PerfP-2SgS
'Where are you (=have you come) from?' [A-grm]
b. andak s-i-ha s-\hln i-ha
where? here thatACentrif 3MaSgS-be.in.PerfP
'Where had he come from (while living there)?' [A-grm]
The noun t-lhi-t-t has the form of a feminine VblN for this verb but means
'origin, provenience, homeland'. For A-grm I did elicit a true VblNlhi.
7.3.2.13 'have' (V/J
The possessive verb is -νΐυ-. Like -vhu- 'be in' (see just above), it is used only
in the perfective system, and it is most often reduced to -1υ-. It is a simple
transitive as in English. Like 'be' and 'be in' (§7.3.2.11-12, above), it occurs
only in perfective forms. In positive main clauses it occurs in the Resit, and
negative counterparts have the PerfN. The PerfP is found in subordinated
clauses. As with 'be' and 'be in', unmarked time reference is present or
timeless, while past time may be specified by preposing kaela.
(429) Resit of 'have'
ISg le-r
1P1 n-ald
2Sg 0-le-d, t-ale-d
2MaPl 0-la-m, t-ala-m
2FePl 0-ld-maet, t-ald-maet
3MaSg i-ΐά
3FeSg 0-ld, t-ald
3MaPl ld-n
3FePl Ιά-neet
The PerfN is unaccented -la- or -ala-, as in war i-ΐα 'he does not have'. As
expected, in definite relatives the forms with nonfinal ά show ae due to the
erasure of the Resit ablaut formative χ (full-V), as seen in (430).
(430) e-haen w-α alae-nast
Sg-house Ma-Sg.Dem have.Reslt-3FePlS
'the house that they-Fe own' (= 'the house that is theirs')
