INDEX 345
C
Caesar, Julius 28
calendars 28–9
Callisto 62, 63
camera obscuras 49
Cannon, Annie Jump 111, 113, 120,
124–7, 133, 138, 162
Cape Observatory (South Africa) 79, 119
carbon 199
carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) cycle
166, 183
Carrington, Richard 336
Carte du Ciel project 100, 119
Carter, Brandon 230, 339
Cassini, Giovanni Domenico 43, 65
Cassini Division 65
Cassiopeia 45
Cassiopeia B 45
Caterpillar Bok globule 200
Cat’s Eye nebula 115
Cavendish, Henry 68, 70–71
celestial equator 22
celestial mechanics 15, 92–3
Celestial Police 97–9
celestial sphere 22, 25
Cellarius, Andreas 36
centaurs 312
Cepheid variables 86, 111, 120, 132–7,
161, 174, 175, 177
Ceres 82, 83, 90, 94–9, 315
Cernan, Eugene 249, 320
Cerulli, Vincenzo 117
Chadwick, James 236
Chaffee, Roger 247
Chamberlin, Thomas Chrowder 250
Chandra X-ray Observatory 195, 214,
216–17, 237, 297, 301
Chandrasekhar, Subrahmanyan 141,
145, 154, 178 , 180, 181
chaos theory 92
charge-coupled devices (CCDs) 258–9
Charles II, King 13
Charon 262, 317
Chiron 184
Chladni, Ernst 82, 83, 90–91, 96
chondrules 91
Christian Church
and geocentric model 18, 34
and heliocentric model 39, 63
chromatic aberration 58
chromosphere 116
Clairaut, Alexis 77
CMB see cosmic microwave background
COBE (Cosmic Background Explorer)
224, 227, 282, 284–5
Cocconi, Giuseppe 204, 210 –11, 231
Cohen, I Bernard 60
Coma cluster 270
comets 46, 69–70, 72, 73, 110, 184, 206,
287, 312
composition of 207 , 286, 308
Halley’s 74 –7
landing on 30 6 –11
Compton Gamma Ray Observatory 195
computer technology 259
Comte, Auguste 15
constellations 24, 25, 79
Copernican principle 62, 230, 235,
290–91, 292
Copernicus, Nicolaus 19, 21, 22, 23,
24, 26, 30, 32–9, 44, 46–7, 52, 58,
62–3, 291
Corot-3b 294
cosmic inflation 272–3, 274, 282
cosmic microwave background (CMB)
179, 195, 196, 197, 204, 224–7, 272,
280–85, 300–301
cosmic radiation 214 –17
cosmic radio waves 58, 219
cosmic rays 111, 140 , 198, 254
cosmic wind 267
cosmological constant 176, 177, 300, 303
cosmology 15
Cowan, Clyde 252
Crab nebula 19, 140, 237, 239
Crabtree, William 64
craters 212
cubewanos 287
Curiosity rover 259, 320, 324–5
Curtis, Heber D. 161, 174, 175, 337
Cygnus X-1 214, 218, 254D
Dalton Minimum 103
Daly, Reginald 186–7
Dampier, William 55
dark energy 12, 148, 177, 180, 259, 271,
272, 296, 298–303
Dark Energy Survey 300, 302
dark matter 12, 15, 164, 165, 196, 240,
258, 268–71
D’Arrest, Heinrich 107
Darwin, Charles 231
Darwin, George 186, 187Davis, Ray 252–3
Deep Impact mission 308
Delambre, Jean Baptiste Joseph 83,
93, 336
Delta Cephei 48, 86, 132
Democritus 27
density wave theory 276, 277, 278
Dicke, Robert H 224–7
Digges, Thomas 34
disk galaxies 240
Dolland, John 43
Doppler, Christian 158, 159, 274
Doppler effect 158, 159–61, 176, 238,
274
Doppler spectroscopy 291
double-star systems see binary stars
Drake, Frank 210, 231–2, 233
Draper, Henry 100, 110, 118, 120, 121,
124, 336–7
Draper, John 118
Draper, Mary 121
Draper Catalogue of Stellar Spectra 111,
121, 124
dwarf galaxies 100–101
dwarf planets 84, 90, 96, 99, 184, 287,
313, 314, 315
dwarf stars 126, 138, 139, 180E
Earth
age of 186
atmosphere 20, 140, 190–91
composition of 187
distance from sun 64
geocentric model 18, 20 , 24, 26, 34–6,
47, 62
gravity 72–3, 187
life on 73, 231, 235, 294
risks from space 14
rotation of 13, 26, 35, 36, 37, 39
spin axis 22, 35, 78
Tychonic model 47
eccentricity 54
eclipses 23
lunar 20
solar 14, 116, 144
eclipsing binary systems 86
ecliptic 22, 52
Eddington, Arthur 14, 116, 132, 141, 144,
145, 148, 152–3, 166–7, 170, 182–3
Edgeworth, Kenneth 184 , 206, 286, 312
Ehman, Jerry 210, 234