The Ecology Book

US_218-223_Mass_Extinctions.indd 219 12/11/18 6:25 PM ...

220 Ordovician Global cooling leads to the extinction of 85 percent of marine life. T here have been five periods in Earth’s his ...

221 volcanic activity, changes in the composition of the atmosphere and oceans, climate change, sea level rises and falls, tecto ...

222 impact would have also released sulfuric acid into the atmosphere, which produced acid rain, acidifying the oceans and killi ...

223 The sixth extinction Some ecologists have estimated the current rate of extinction of animals and plants at 100–1,000 times ...

224 BURNING ALL FUEL RESERVES WILL INITIATE THE RUNAWAY GREENHOUSE ENVIRONMENTAL FEEDBACK LOOPS A ll parts of an ecosystem are i ...

225 See also: Predator–prey equations 44–49 ■ Competitive exclusion principle 52–53 ■ Global warming 202–203 ■ Halting climate c ...

THE HUM AN FACTOR US_226-227_Ch_8_The_Human_Factor_Opener.indd 226 12/11/18 8:25 PM ...

THE HUM AN FACTOR US_226-227_Ch_8_The_Human_Factor_Opener.indd 227 12/11/18 8:25 PM ...

R aw sewage produced by millions of Londoners once poured into the Thames River for decades, until the stench of the effluent be ...

blooming earlier in spring, may benefit some organisms but could prove disastrous for others. Toxic controls The introduction of ...

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IS AN INCURABLE DISEASE POLLUTION US_230-235_Pollution.indd 230 12/11/18 6:25 PM ...

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IS AN INCURABLE DISEASE POLLUTION US_230-235_Pollution.indd 231 12/11/18 6:25 PM ...

232 P ollution comes in many forms, ranging from toxins in the air to trash at the bottom of the sea. Any substances or forms of ...

233 Of the world’s 20 worst cities for air pollution, 14 are in India. In Delhi, thick smog in November 2017 reduced the air qua ...

234 from fossil-fuel-burning power stations, factories, motor vehicles, the burning of wood and dung for heat and cooking fuel, ...

235 poisoned an estimated 250,000 seabirds, 250 Bald Eagles, 2,800 sea otters, 300 harbor seals, and 22 killer whales. Billions ...

236 GOD CANNOT SAVE THESE TREES FROM FOOLS ENDANGERED HABITATS T he origin of the movement to conserve natural habitats is usual ...

237 See also: Human activity and biodiversity 92–95 ■ Biodiversity hotspots 96–97 ■ Biomes 206–209 ■ Deforestation 254–259 ■ Env ...

238 rain forests, temperate coniferous forests, lakes, mangrove swamps, and coral reefs. Of these, coral reefs and tropical rain ...