The Ecology Book

THE VARI ETY OF LIFE US_098-099_Ch_4_The_Variety_of_Life_Opener.indd 99 12/11/18 8:25 PM ...

O ur understanding of the variety, behavior, and interraction of organisms has advanced considerably since Aristotle discovered ...

Ethology, which looks at animal behavior and its evolutionary basis and development, is a major component in the modern study of ...

102 M icrobes—bacteria, molds, viruses, protozoa, and algae—are present in every environment, living in soil, water, and air. So ...

103 See also: Classification of living things 82–83 ■ The microbiological environment 84–85 ■ The ecosystem 134 –137 THE VARIETY ...

104 CERTAIN TREE SPECIES HAVE A SYMBIOSIS WITH FUNGI THE UBIQUITY OF MYCORRHIZAE I n 1885, a professor of plant pathology at the ...

105 See also: Evolution by natural selection 24–31 ■ Mutualisms 56–59 ■ The ecosystem 134–137 ■ Energy flow through ecosystems 1 ...

FOOD IS THE BURNING Q (^) UESTION ANIMAL ECOLOGY US_106-113_Animal_Ecology.indd 106 12/11/2018 17:34 ...

US_106-113_Animal_Ecology.indd 107 12/11/2018 17:34 ...

108 T he concept of food chains— the idea that all living things are linked through their dependence on other species for their ...

109 A spider traps a damselfly, demonstrating that the principle of food size can be modified by the comparative aggression and ...

110 ANIMAL ECOLOGY The Sword-billed Hummingbird, a native of South America, has a long bill, which enables it to suck up nectar ...

111 by birds of prey that hunted small ground-dwelling animals such as mice and voles. In a European oakwood, that niche would b ...

112 ANIMAL ECOLOGY overlap. If different species live in the same habitat and have similar lifestyles, they will be in competiti ...

THE VARIETY OF LIFE 113 when conditions, such as sunlight and nutrients, are right. Over time, the mass of the phytoplankton wil ...

114 W hy do some birds lay more eggs than others? For example, Blue Tits lay nine eggs, Northern Flickers six, and Robins four. ...

115 See also: Animal ecology 106–113 ■ Animal behavior 116–117 ■ The food chain 132–133 ■ The ecosystem 134–137 ■ Ecologica l re ...

116 A ny dog owner will describe the companionable and loyal relationship they enjoy with their pet. The Austrian zoologist Konr ...

117 See also: The selfish gene 38–39 ■ Field experiments 54–55 ■ Keystone species 60–65 ■ Animal ecology 106–113 ■ Clutch cont r ...

REDEFINE “TOOL,” REDEFINE “MAN,” OR ACCEPT CHIMPANZEES AS HUMANS USING ANIMAL MODELS TO UNDERSTAND HUMAN BEHAVIOR US_118-125_Usi ...