136 Light travels more slowly
in water than in air
Léon Foucault
138 Living force may be
converted into heat
James Joule
139 Statistical analysis of
molecular movement
Ludwig Boltzmann
140 Plastic is not what I
meant to invent
Leo Baekeland
142 I have called this principle
natural selection
Charles Darwin
150 Forecasting the weather
Robert FitzRoy
156 Omne vivum ex vivo—
all life from life
Louis Pasteur
160 One of the snakes
grabbed its own tail
August Kekulé
166 The definitely expressed
average proportion of
three to one
Gregor Mendel
172 An evolutionary link
between birds and
dinosaurs
Thomas Henry Huxley
174 An apparent periodicity
of properties
Dmitri Mendeleev
180 Light and magnetism
are affectations of the
same substance
James Clerk Maxwell
186 Rays were coming from
the tube
Wilhelm Röntgen188 Seeing into the Earth
Richard Dixon Oldham190 Radiation is an atomic
property of the elements
Marie Curie196 A contagious living fluid
Martinus BeijerinckA PARADIGM SHIFT
1900 –202 Quanta are discrete
packets of energy
Max Planck206 Now I know what the
atom looks like
Ernest Rutherford214 Gravity is a distortion
in the space-time
continuum
Albert Einstein222 Earth’s drifting continents
are giant pieces in an
ever-changing jigsaw
Alfred Wegener224 Chromosomes play a role
in heredity
Thomas Hunt Morgan226 Particles have wavelike
properties
Erwin Schrödinger234 Uncertainty is inevitable
Werner Heisenberg236 The universe is big...
and getting bigger
Edwin Hubble242 The radius of space began
at zero
Georges Lemaître246 Every particle of matter
has an antimatter
counterpart
Paul Dirac248 There is an upper
limit beyond which a
collapsing stellar core
becomes unstable
Subrahmanyan
Chandrasekhar249 Life itself is a process
of obtaining knowledge
Konrad Lorenz