346
Christianity, figures (cont.)
Teresa of Avila (Carmelite nun) 238
Thomas Aquinas 203, 228–29, 242
Wesley, John (Methodism) 203, 239 ,
336
Young, Brigham (Mormonism) 307
Christianity, texts
Bible in vernacular 232–37
Biblical texts, historical criticism of
244–45
Gospels 252, 253
Heidelberg Catechism 232
Nicene Creed 202, 203, 208, 212–19,
Testaments, Old and New 225
Church of Christ (Scientist) 326, 333,
337
Confucianism 72–77, 326
Analects (teachings) 74–75, 77
belief in inherent human goodness
77, 321
Buddhist elements in 77
Daoist elements in 55, 77
Five Constant Relationships 76, 77
Golden Rule 76
Mandate of Heaven 75, 76
Neo-Confucianism 77
rulers, advice to 75–76
virtue and moral superiority 74 –75
Congregationalists (Christianity) 335
Conservative (Masorti) Judaism 333
Constantine I 80
Coptic Church (Christianity) 334
Creole religions 294, 305
Crete (Minoans) 78
Cyprian (Christianity) 225–26
D
Dalai Lama (Buddhism) 147, 156, 157,
159 , 331
Daoism 55, 66–67, 327
elements in Confucianism 55, 77
immortality concept 67
meditation 67
mental and physical discipline 112
rulers, advice to 75
tai-chi 66
Darshanas (Hinduism) 101, 328–29
Dogon 19, 48–49
Dreaming, the 34–35
Druze (Islam) 338, 339
E
Eastern Orthodox churches
(Christianity) 203, 334–35
Eddy, Mary Baker (Church of Christ
Scientist) 333, 337
Egypt, Ancient 58–59
afterlife belief 54, 58–59
Anubis, god of the dead 59
divine Pharaoh cult 54
ka, spiritual life force 58, 59
mummification 58–59
Osiris 58–59
Emerald Buddha 150
Erasmus (Christian Humanist) 232,
234
Essenes (Judaism) 222F
Falun Gong (Falun Dafa movement)
295, 323 , 327
Fard Muhammad (Nation of Islam) 339
Fox, George (Quakers) 335G
Galileo Galilei 242
Gandhi, Mahatma (Hinduism) 91,
124–25, 302
Garvey, Marcus (Rastafari) 314
Gaudiya Vaishnava movement
(Hinduism) 322
Geiger, Abraham (Judaism) 192, 193
al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad
(Islam) 279
Gobind Singh, Guru (Sikhism) 299 ,
300, 302, 303
Greece, Ancient, 78–79
Aristotle 62, 203, 229 , 277, 281
hierarchy of deities 55
Minoan culture 54, 78
oracles 79
Plato 62, 210–11H
Haile Selassie (Rastafari) 315
Haitian voodoo 305
Hare Krishna movement 294, 295, 322
Hasidic movement (Judaism) 167, 187,
188 , 295, 332
Hatun Runa 36–37
Helwys, Thomas (Baptists) 335
Herzl, Theodor (Judaism) 167, 189,
196–97
Hinduism 327
Aryans, influence of 95–96, 97
class system (varnas) 97–98, 99,
108–109, 125, 302, 329
definition problems 90
mathas (monastery schools) 101
meditation 100, 121, 128, 320
puja offerings 114 –15, 328
Shiva (destroyer) 97
soma (drink of the gods) 96
Tantric rituals 100, 158, 328
time cycles 94–95
timeline 90–91
Vedanta philosophy 91, 118–19,
118 –19, 122, 329
yoga 91, 100, 112, 328
Hinduism, beliefs
ahimsa (nonviolence) 124–25, 146
atman (pure consciousness) 102–105
bhakti (religious devotion) 90, 91, 94,
114 , 115, 122, 159
Brahman (absolute reality) 91, 95 ,
96, 97, 102–105, 122–23
Brahman, unknowable 118–21
consciousness and knowledge
119–20
dharma (universal order and right
way of living) 94, 106–109, 110
Four Stages of Life 106–109
inner transformation 123
karma and reincarnation 329
moksha (release from endless cycle of
birth and rebirth) 90–91
moral principles 109
other religions as paths that lead to
the same truth 123
personal devotion as means of
liberation 98–99
religious teaching levels 101
ritual and worship 92–98, 114 –15,
329INDEX