The Mediterranean World in Late Antiquity, 395-700 AD

THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN – A REGION IN FERMENT with an unsuccessful meeting at Callinicum, but persecution followed, as it did ...

THE MEDITERRANEAN WORLD IN LATE ANTIQUITY Julian, and ceded to Persia the important border city of Nisibis.^70 However, recent s ...

THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN – A REGION IN FERMENT cities when faced with the armies of Chosroes I, as well as the fi nancial cost ...

THE MEDITERRANEAN WORLD IN LATE ANTIQUITY the late 540s.^81 Religion could be a useful tool for either side, but Byzantium was a ...

9 A CHANGED WORLD Renewed war with Persia The peace of 561 did not last. Despite the Emperor Maurice’s help to the young Chosroe ...

THE MEDITERRANEAN WORLD IN LATE ANTIQUITY much changed in administrative and financial terms. It makes sense in many instances t ...

A CHANGED WORLD and defi ant stance he had shown when approached by Avar envoys in Con- stantinople^9 and refused to accept what ...

THE MEDITERRANEAN WORLD IN LATE ANTIQUITY persisted with the Zoroastrian establishment, but by the end of the sixth cen- tury th ...

A CHANGED WORLD This situation was soon to change. In 602 Maurice was deposed by Phocas, an army offi cer proclaimed by disaffec ...

THE MEDITERRANEAN WORLD IN LATE ANTIQUITY Persian invaders and even briefly entertained hopes of recovering the Temple Mount. St ...

A CHANGED WORLD classical metre of anacreontics.^26 The joy when the Emperor Heraclius returned the Cross to Jerusalem in 630 wa ...

THE MEDITERRANEAN WORLD IN LATE ANTIQUITY economy as a whole of this prolonged warfare, alternating with periods of annual heavy ...

A CHANGED WORLD his humility, by the patriarch Sophronius in 638; later tradition records the ‘Covenant of Umar’ with the people ...

THE MEDITERRANEAN WORLD IN LATE ANTIQUITY simply took over the main framework of the Byzantine administration and continued to u ...

A CHANGED WORLD Christian religious divisions and religious reactions The ordinations of Miaphysite clergy under Justinian had h ...

THE MEDITERRANEAN WORLD IN LATE ANTIQUITY the context of the assassination of Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law ‘Ali; this was fo ...

A CHANGED WORLD opposition was continued by Maximus Confessor from his monastery in Carthage; in 645 Maximus publicly debated in ...

THE MEDITERRANEAN WORLD IN LATE ANTIQUITY Arab and other Muslim followers, who received preferential treatment in the form of fi ...

A CHANGED WORLD ecclesiastical writers did from Greek.^49 The Church of the East, or Assyrian Christians, often wrongly labeled ...

THE MEDITERRANEAN WORLD IN LATE ANTIQUITY ‘Amra and elsewhere. The frescoes of Qusayr ‘Amra in particular, in mod- ern Jordan, w ...