BIBLIOGRAPHIES 271
and 'Notes for a chronology of the Pasionario Hispanico'. S. McKenna, Paganism and
Pagan Survivals in Spain up to the FaU of the Visigothic Kingdom (Washington, 1938) and
A.K. Ziegler, Church and State in Visigothic Spain (Washington, 1930) now seem rather
dated, though retaining some good sections. J.N. Hillgarth's papers on Visigothic sub-
jects have been usefully collected together in his Visigothic Spain, Byzantium and the Irish
(London, 1985), which includes 'Popular Religion in Visigothic Spain' and 'Historio-
graphy in Visigothic Spain', as well as the items mentioned in A2(b) above. Turning to
the leading figures of the Spanish church in this period, Leander of Seville's sermon
addressed to the bishops assembled for the Third Council of Toledo is translated by
C.W. Barlow in Fathers of the Church, vol. 62: Iberian Fathers (Washington, 1969), as is his
Ruk for Nuns. The volume also contains translations of the works of Martin of Braga and
Paschasius of Dumio. Its companion, volume 63 of the series, provides translations, also
by C.W. Barlow, of Braulio of Zaragoza's letter collection and his Life of Aemilian, as well
as the monastic rules of Frucutuosus of Braga. In a multi-volume international edition
with accompanying translation of the books of the Etymologiae of Isidore of Seville, one
has so far appeared in English: P.K. Marshall (ed./tr.), Isidorus Hispaknsis, Etymologiae II
(Paris, 1983). G.B. Ford (ed./tr.), The Letters of St. Isidore of Sevilk (Amsterdam, 1970) is
useful, but all of the longer letters in the collection are forgeries. On one of them see
R.E. Reynolds, 'The Isidoran Epistula ad Leudefredum', V.S., pp. 251-72, for the dis-
proving of its authenticity. J.N. Hillgarth, 'The Position of Isidorian Studies: a Critical
Review of the Literature, 1936-1975', Studi Medievali, 24 (1983), pp. 817-905 is a valu-
able guide, expanding a review first made in 1961, but now needs bringing further up
to date. On Sisebut see J. Fontaine, 'King Sisebut's Vita Desiderii and the Political
Function of Visigothic Hagiography', V.S., pp. 93-130, and on Braulio there remains
only C.H. Lynch, Saint Braulio of Saragossa (Washington, 1938). For Eugenius II see C.
Codoi\er Merino, 'The Poetry of Eugenius of Toledo', Papers of the Liverpool Latin Semi-
nar,3 (1981), and for Jldefonsus, A. Braegelmann, The Life and Writings of llilefonsus of
Tokdo (Washington, 1942). On Julian see the articles by Collins and Murphy (A2(b»,
and also the introduction to J.N. Hillgarth's edition of his works, Corpus Christianorum
Series Latina vol. 115: Sancti Juliani Opera. vol. I (Turnholt, 1976). Articles on Julian in
English by Hillgarth will be found in his volume of collected essays, Visigothic Spain,
Byzantium and the Irish (A2(b». A new look at Valerius of Bierzo is attempted in R.
Collins, 'The "autobiographical" works of Valerius of Bierzo: their structure and pur-
pose', in A. Gonzalez Blanco (ed.), Los Visigodos: Antigiiedad y Cristianismo III (Murcia,
1986); this is best read in the corrected version in this author's volume of collected
papers, Law, Culture and Regionalism in Early Medieval Spain (Aldershot, 1992). The texts
themselves may be read in the translations provided in C.M. Aherne, Valerius of Bieno
(Washington, 1946). For Visigothic 'pactual' monasticism see Cj. Bishko, Spanish and
Portuguese Monastic History 600-1300 (London, 1984), which reprints many of his articles
on Visigothic monastic history and adds a substantial new article, 'The Pactual Tradition
in Visigothic Monasticism'.
For the Jews in Visigothic Spain there is a general survey in S. Katz, The Jews in the
Visigothic and Frankish Kingdoms of Spain and Gaul (Cambridge, Mass. 1937). Attempts to
interpret the nature and action of royal actions against the Jewish community have
inciudedJ. Adams, 'Ideology and the Requirements of "Citizenship" in Visigothic Spain:
the Case of the Judaei', Societas, 2 (1972), pp. 317-32, and B. Bachrach, 'A reassessment
of Visigothic Jewish Policy', American Historical Review, 78 (1973), pp. 11-34. Recently,
a more balanced approach has been achieved in N. Roth, Jews, Visigoths and Muslims in
Medieval Spain (Leiden, 1994), pp. 1-40.(c) The Umayyad State
For outline treatments of the culture of Islamic Spain see the general books listed above
(A2 (c) ). Two catalogues of recent exhibitions at the Metropolitan Museum in New York