Chinese Martial Arts. From Antiquity to the Twenty-First Century
illustration 12.Theatrical representation of the hero Xiangyang Wang (The Prince of Xiangyang). FromQixia Wuyi, 1889. He wears a ...
riding and shooting. Wu Zetian’s formal exam hadfive aspects:firing an arrow for distance, mounted archery, mounted spearfightin ...
world of civil elites. This divide was ethnic as well, with a Chinese civil elite ruling at court and employing a non-Chinese mi ...
6 The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms and the Song Dynasty Very little changed immediately after the official end of the Tang Dy ...
Also unlike the Tang Dynasty, the Song would confront a large, power- ful, and coherent steppe empire to its northeast, the Kita ...
of the iron spear, a metal-hafted spear of considerable weight. Yet the social and cultural changes that took place during this ...
economic, social, or political. Some of them were simply violent men with- out formal martial arts training, inclined to use for ...
illustration 13.Theatrical representation of the hero Jiang Ping, the River Rat, wielding paired cudgels. From Xiaowuyi (Zhongli ...
were a rich target for bandits. Thus on one occasion the Song government was able in an emergency to draft the tea merchants’pro ...
population could just as easily resort to crime and banditry. The court was concerned on several occasions about martial arts gr ...
martial arts into a pre- and post-firearms world is problematic. Guns do not appear to have had any noticeable impact on the mar ...
as we shall see inChapter 10 , Chinese and Japanese soldiers fought hand- to-hand battles with swords in the middle decades of t ...
With respect to crossbow archery, Hua Yue further wrote:“The bar- barians have long had the horse, the Han (Chinese) have long h ...
illustration 15.Theatrical representation of the female heroes Sha Fengxian (Phoenix Sprite) and Qiu Kui (Autumn Sunflower), one ...
if not a bit faster, and had much greater range and accuracy than early guns. Guns had much greater penetration and lethality, b ...
practiced as a regular pastime. In order tofill the position, however, Chen would have had to transfer from his civil position a ...
in China as well. It makes a fundamental value judgment in favor of studying over physical pursuits. Ouyang’s position is in sta ...
What then was the value of learning, absent the nominal goal of govern- ment service? For the Neo-Confucians, learning and self- ...
some communities of Archery Societies弓箭社or Loyal and Upright Societies忠義社.^14 While Song elites were rejecting martial arts prac ...
a classicist like Wang Anshi, the possibility of bringing back the farmer- soldier of antiquity was compelling in and of itself; ...
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