- He Liangchen, Zhenji, 2.26.
- Wile, T’ai-chi’s Ancestors, pp. 12, 18. The original is Qi Jiguang, Jixiao xinshu:
shiba juan ben, 14. 227. - Wile, T’ai-chi’s Ancestors, p. 12. The original is Tang Shunzhi, Wu bian, qianji,
5.37a. - Qi Jiguang, Jixiao xinshu: shiba juan ben, 14.227. Compare also Wile, T’ai-
chi’s Ancestors, p. 18. Eventually, the general added four chapters to his book. Never-
theless, he kept this comment, indicating that Quan jing jieyao was originally
intended for the last. - See Qi Jiguang, Jixiao xinshu: shisi juan ben. See also Ma Mingda, Shuo jian
cong gao, p. 310; and Wile, T’ai-chi’s Ancestors, pp. 16–17. - Ma Mingda, Shuo jian cong gao, p. 311.
- See Jin Ping Mei cihua, 90.1244.
5 2. The “Four-Levels” (siping) posture figured in late Ming armed and un-
armed fighting alike. See Cheng Zongyou, Shaolin gunfa, 2.1b–2b; Tang Shunzhi,
Wu bian, qianji, 5.37b; Qi Jiguang, Jixiao xinshu: shiba juan ben, 14.234–235; and
Wile, T’ai-Chi’s Ancestors, pp. 27–30. - This is Anthony Yu’s translation (Journey to the West, 3:14–15) slightly al-
tered; the original is Wu Cheng’en, Xiyou ji, 51:594. Compare also Wu Cheng’en,
Xiyou ji, 2.22, and Yu, The Journey to the West, 1:97. - Wu Huifang, Wanbao quanshu.
- See Santai Wanyong zhengzong, 14.1a–1b; and Wu Huifang, Wanbao quanshu,
p. 346 and note 491. (The “Sand-Washing-Waves Fist” and “Spear-Seizing Fist” are
mentioned in the 1607 edition.) - See Tang Hao and Gu Liuxin, Taijiquan yanjiu, pp. 179–183; Matsuda Ryû-
chi, Zhongguo wushu shilüe, pp. 81–83; and Zhongguo wushu baike quanshu, pp. 71, 91. - An influential Daoist classic, the Scripture of the Yellow Court (Huangting jing)
(ca. third century CE) outlines respiratory techniques coupled with meditation on
the body’s internal divinities. See Paul Kroll’s partial translation, “Body Gods and
Inner Vision.” See also below, chapter 6. - Quoted in Tang Hao and Gu Liuxin, Taijiquan yanjiu, p. 180.
- See Tang Hao and Gu Liuxin, Taijiquan yanjiu, p. 15.
- Matsuda Ryûchi, Zhongguo wushu shilüe, p. 88.
- Zhou Weiliang, Zhongguo wushu shi, pp. 88–90. See also Naquin, Millenar-
ian Rebellion in China, pp. 31, 88, 313. - See Matsuda Ryûchi, Zhongguo wushu shilüe, pp. 135 –138; and Zhou Wei-
liang, Zhongguo wushu shi, p. 89. - See Ma Litang and Sun Yamin, “Xingyi shizu Ji Longfeng,” pp. 36 –37; and
“Ji Jike” in Zhongguo wushu baike quanshu, p. 538. - The legend first appeared in Huang Baijia, Neijia quanfa, p. 1a. See also
Wile, T’ai-Chi’s Ancestors, p. 58. - See Matsuda Ryûchi, Zhongguo wushu shilüe, pp. 183–184. Compare also
Shou-Yu Liang and Wen-Ching Wu, Kung Fu Elements, p. 447. - Chang Naizhou, Chang Shi wuji shu, trans. Wile, T’ai-chi’s Ancestors, pp. 71–
226 Notes to Pages 130–135