Justice among Nations. A History of International Law - Stephen C. Neff

Index 617

Marshall Plan, 428
Marsilius of Padua, 78– 79, 223
Martens, Fedor Fedorovich, 257, 274, 289,
306, 308– 310, 324, 325, 326, 330– 331,
336, 347, 408
Martens, Georg Friedrich von, 165, 191,
198– 201, 209– 210, 212, 213, 221, 227,
228, 263, 264, 305, 309, 385
Martens Clause, 325
Martin, William A. P., 313– 314
Martin V, Pope, 105
Marx, Karl, 382
Marxism, 384, 420
Mazzini, Giuseppe, 280– 281, 282, 284, 387
McCarthy, Joseph, 427
McDougal, Myres S., 428– 430, 452, 465
McNair, Arnold, 372– 373, 392, 401, 453
Mea sures short of war, 334– 337, 345. See
also Porter Convention; Use of force,
prohibition against
Melian Dialogue, 28
Mencius, 22– 23, 24, 26. See also
Confucianism
Mendlovitz, Saul, 431
Mengzu. See Mencius
Mesopotamia, ancient, 13– 15, 25
Mexico, 114, 117, 121, 275, 277, 317, 324,
336, 338, 357– 358
Mill, John Stuart, 275– 276, 278– 279, 283,
305, 314, 318, 4 09
Miller, David Hunter, 348
Milošević, Slobodan, 439, 475, 477
Minorities, protection of: in interwar
period, 359– 361, 390; liberalism and,
391; and self- determination, 436– 437
Minucchi da Pratovecchio, Antonio, 108
Miranda, Francisco de, 263
Mitrany, David, 377
Mixed- claims commissions, 300, 328, 329;
under Jay Treaty, 211– 212; regarding
Venezuela debts, 336; in interwar
period, 357– 358; post–World War II,
411, 446. See also Arbitration
Mixed courts, Egyptian, 316, 358– 359, 433.
See also Consular jurisdiction;
Extraterritoriality
Mohism, 23

Mohl, Robert von, 240

Monism: in voluntarist variant of

positivism, 238; Kelsen on, 370, 380;

Lauterpacht on, 373; Scelle on, 376, 454;

Kaufmann on, 380. See also Constitu-

tionalism; Dualist theories

Moore, John Bassett, 303, 304, 306, 355,

361, 391

Morgan, Lewis Henry, 311

Morgenthau, Hans, 389

Moser, Johann Jakob, 193– 194, 199

Most- favored- nation clause, 203, 272– 273,

414

Moti. See Mohism

Mo- tzu. See Mohism

Moynier, Gustave, 301

Mozi. See Mohism

Muhammad, Prophet, 95, 98

Mullerson, Rein, 443

Muslim and Christian states, relations

between: hostile, 96– 97; pacifi c, 97– 99,

105– 107; militar y alliances, 150– 151,

316. See also Capitulations; Extraterrito-
     riality; Islamic international law
     Mussolini, Benito, 386
     Namibia, 411, 435
     Napoleon I. See Bonaparte, Napoleon
     Napoleonic Wars. See Wars: French
     Revolutionary
     Nationality, dual, 363
     Nationality school, 260, 261, 279– 285, 295;
     and historical school, 279; and natural
     law, 279, 280, 284; criticism of, 284– 285;
     and solidarism, 287; and socialism,
     384, 421– 422; and Nazism, 387; and
     self- determination, 437
     Nationalization of property, 434, 446.
     See also Calvo Clause; Calvo Doctrine
     National liberation, wars of, 422, 435;
     liberalism and, 278. See also Combatant
     status; Just- war ideas, modern
     Nationals abroad, protection of: in the
     nineteenth century, 335– 337; and Hague
     Codifi cation Conference, 363; Interna-
     tional Law Commission on, 414. See also
     Calvo Clause; Calvo Doctrine