SubSaharan Africa 433
MID#3076
Dispute Number: 3076
Date(s): September 1982 to October 29, 1982
Participants: 452 Ghana/461 Togo
Outcome (and Settlement): Unclear (None)
Fatalities: None
Narrative: Several events in August and September 1982 between Ghana and Togo,
that included border violations, led Ghana to close its border with Togo. Ghana shot
six of its citizens when they tried to cross the border the following month, and also
accidentally shot a Togolese citizen. Togo also accused Ghana’s military aircraft of
violating Togolese airspace.
Coding changes: Start Date changed from August 21, 1982. Fatalities changed from
Missing.
MID#4066
Dispute Number: 4066
Date(s): February 1, 1993 to February 4, 1993
Participants: 452 Ghana/461 Togo
Outcome (and Settlement): Unclear (None)
Fatalities: None
Narrative: Ghanaian forces were put on a “third-degree alert” due to political issues
in Togo that lead to Togolese security forces killing six civilians who were among a
crowd of demonstrators. Ghana made reports that two of its nationals had been killed
in Togo’s capital, Lome, during the violence. The violence led to numerous Togo
refugees fleeing to neighboring Ghana for safety. Ghanaian authorities released a
general plan to handle the refugees, and Togo’s president called his troops back to
their barracks.
MID#4116
Dispute Number: 4116
Date(s): January 6, 1994 to July 6, 1994
Participants: 461 Togo/452 Ghana
Outcome (and Settlement): Unclear (None)
Fatalities: None
Narrative: Togo claimed that a moderate force of rebels from Ghana entered its ter-
ritory on January 5, 1994. Togo used this claim to then close its border with Ghana.
Gun battles between Togolese forces and rebels then erupted and continued until the
7th, in and around Lome, Togo.
Coding changes: End Date changed from Missing.