Defining Neighbors. Religion, Race, and the Early Zionist-Arab Encounter - Jonathan Marc Gribetz

64 • cHAPTeR 2 community that it can override established practice as well as clear statements of the Qurʾan.^94 This is precise ...

RUHI AL-KHALIdI’S “AS-SAYūNīZM” • 65 would become known as the Salafi movement.^97 These modernists sought to reform Islam by lo ...

66 • cHAPTeR 2 ijmāʿ.^102 If there had been an ijmāʿ among premodern Jews that held that the Jews were a nation, al- Khalidi mig ...

RUHI AL-KHALIdI’S “AS-SAYūNīZM” • 67 specific source for al- Khalidi’s use of this term has proved elusive, cer- tain possibilit ...

68 • cHAPTeR 2 meaning al- Khalidi attributes to the term appears to have been un- known to Ben- Yehuda (whose personal lexicon ...

RUHI AL-KHALIdI’S “AS-SAYūNīZM” • 69 manuscript may indeed be understood as one of translation: to trans- late Jewish history an ...

70 • cHAPTeR 2 the rabbis of the Jews repeatedly predicted this time, and the Jews repeated in their prayers and at the end of e ...

RUHI AL-KHALIdI’S “AS-SAYūNīZM” • 71 sympathy for a mistreated people and his resentment of those very people. especially when f ...

72 • cHAPTeR 2 compiler, Abu al- Fidaʾ, who in turn quotes Abu al- Fath Muhammad ibn ʿAbd al- Karim ash- Shahrastani (d. 1153– 1 ...

RUHI AL-KHALIdI’S “AS-SAYūNīZM” • 73 meted out to all.^120 This assessment of Judaism would certainly have resonated with Muslim ...

74 • cHAPTeR 2 God,” and if these unbelievers “persist in what they are saying, a painful punishment will afflict those of them ...

RUHI AL-KHALIdI’S “AS-SAYūNīZM” • 75 This grouping of christianity and Islam is suggestive of a move in Late Ottoman Palestine t ...

76 • cHAPTeR 2 those for whom belief in the afterlife, resurrection, and retribution is central to their self- identity but as p ...

RUHI AL-KHALIdI’S “AS-SAYūNīZM” • 77 challenging the Integrity of Biblical Prophecy Al- Khalidi’s concern with the Bible is not ...

78 • cHAPTeR 2 rational, fully aware, and fulfilled all the religious and civil duties required by the Torah.^135 For Moyal, the ...

RUHI AL-KHALIdI’S “AS-SAYūNīZM” • 79 Israel from the Babylonian exile. ezra the Scribe, possessor of the book, had the greatest ...

80 • cHAPTeR 2 aversion to the latter- day “Israelite national renaissance” informed the way in which he perceived and portrayed ...

RUHI AL-KHALIdI’S “AS-SAYūNīZM” • 81 egypt, where they found the freedom and safety that they lacked in their land, and where th ...

82 • cHAPTeR 2 crafts. Their fathers only found before them commerce and oc- cupations in finance and commerce. They thus excell ...

RUHI AL-KHALIdI’S “AS-SAYūNīZM” • 83 sensitive to the effects of antisemitic prejudice and legislation in eu- rope. On the other ...