Medieval France. An Encyclopedia

had lost half his army in a five-month campaign that achieved few military objectives. He would serve again in Aquitaine, but hi ...

(Diversorum patrum sen-tentiae) or Ivo of Chartres’s Panormia and other legal works, the new breed of legal collections that it ...

Corinthian capitals and pilasters animate the piers and triforium area, like the Roman gate in the city. Ribbed vaults resemble ...

13th century marked the end of the effective independence of Languedoc. The prominence of the family began with Fredelon, a Fran ...

feudalism in its early stages. Later, the evolution of the customs of Languedoc, particularly their testamentary provisions favo ...

however, the persistence of Catharism led Languedoc into a new phase of its history and to unification with the crown of France. ...

mistreated the leader of the populi minuti and had held him captive with the connivance of the royal bailiff. The 14th century s ...

Wolff, Philippe. Histoire du Languedoc. Toulouse: Privat, 1967. LANGUEDOIL . The term, which appeared only at the end of the Mid ...

Laon (Aisne), Notre-Dame, west façade. Photograph courtesy of Whitney S.Stoddard. redoubt for the region and one of the favored ...

nave and chevet were covered by nearly square sexpartite vaults, while the transept arms had rectangular quadripartite vaults. L ...

Laon, Notre-Dame, transept. Photograph courtesy of Whitney S.Stoddard. movemented linear values of the façade design, the use of ...

north of the cathedral. In the absence of precise documents, the style of the Templars church, an octagonal central-plan structu ...

not only a physical description but also an account of its special properties. Of the sapphire, for example, we are told that it ...

LARCHANT . The 13th-century church of Saint-Mathurin at Larchant (Seine-et-Marne) is notable for two reasons. The first is the c ...

LATE EPIC . The late narrative poems in chanson de geste form, sometimes called chansons d’aventures, extended the life of Old F ...

reproach dating from Gautier’s time and allowing empirical work on the late poems to proceed without reference to an idealized c ...

Cook, Robert Francis. “‘Méchants romans’ et épopée française: pour une philologie profonde.” Esprit créateur 23 (1983): 64–74. — ...

religious lyric practices offered the secular Latin poet both popular and learned forms (such as the Ambrosian stanza and the se ...

Satires began to change during this second generation, with respect to both the poet’s persona and his target. The few extant po ...

times extraordinarily candid, producing a sincere presence that appears to have repelled the few critics who have approached the ...