Premodern Trade in World History - Richard L. Smith

facilitated contact with foreign partners through gift-giving. This long- distance trade would not just focus on securing import ...

Mediterranean whereas to the north Greeks and Etruscans struggled to deter- mine commercial supremacy in the northwest. The colo ...

Map 6.1 Mediterranean Basin and Europe 1500 BCE -^200 BCE ...

The Greek diaspora stretched north and south as well as east and west. Greeks settled along the rim of the Black Sea, where ther ...

Initially Greek commerce depended on private shipowners who served as their own captains, raising whatever capital they could fo ...

ventures. As they had earlier in Mesopotamia, temples were also involved in a basic function of banking by serving as places of ...

of Alexandria and Naucratis, the king owned all land and virtually all means of production as well as controlled all commerce. T ...

Chapter 7 Shifting cores and peripheries in the Imperial West The Romans created an empire comprising a complex economic and com ...

Roman government policy toward commerce varied over the centuries. At times the state appears to have provided little direction ...

loaded with wine in a storm managed to borrow enough capital to replace the ships and cargo and went on to make a fortune. By th ...

and crane,fish specialties including mussels and oysters, dates andfigs from North Africa and Egypt, ham and pickled meats from ...

meaning that merchants were free from paying duties there. The Romans may have favored Delos, which for centuries was the site o ...

to Sicily and Italy, where both commodities were made in abundance. The homeland Greeks retained their position on the internati ...

Slaves were available and cheap in Gaul because of the ongoing state- building and social-stratification processes. Roman mercha ...

contacts and political alliances. In Germany, like Gaul at an earlier time, new power structures were developing in which contro ...

commodities such as grain, oil, and wine to the urban populace. Products such as metals, building materials, and textiles came u ...

Chapter 8 When India was the center of the world Large bodies of water like the Mediterranean made natural trading zones as unde ...

China Sea connected together East, South, and West Asia and Africa and Europe. As the peoples who lived around the ocean’s shore ...

sailed under orders from Alexander the Great, reports that some ships on this run were“poorly furnished with sails and are const ...

In the western sector of the ocean the premier maritime traders were the Arabs. Under the Assyrian and neo-Babylonian empires, A ...