16717 Bell, Journal of a Residence in Circassia during the Years 1837, 1838 and 1 839.
18 spbfiri ran, f. 36, op. 2, 1839, d. 32, Delo “Zhurnal voennykh deistvii ot-
riada Raevskago,” Report by Raevskii, 23 July 1839, ll. 23–6, citation from
l. 25.
19 Ibid., Report by Raevskii, l. 50; Report by Serebriakov, l. 57.
20 E.D. Felitsyn, “O kontrabande i eia prekrashchenii,” Kubanskiia Oblastnyia
Vedomosti, no. 10 (10 March 1890):1.
21 gviarf, f. 14719, op. 1, 1828, d. 97, Delo “Vozzvanie-proklamatsiia ... gen-
erala Emanuelia k Zakubanskim narodam po sluchaiu obiavleniia voiny
Turtsii,” Proclamation, 25 April 1828, l. 1.
22 Ibid., ll. 1–2.
23 gviarf, f. vua, op. 1, 1843, d. 6485, Delo “O deputatsii ot Kavkazskikh
gortsev plemen v Konstantonopil’ v 1843 g.,” Report to commander of
Black Sea Line, 6 November 1843, l. 29.
24 Kappeler, La Russie, 35; Ivanov et al., Etnicheskaia istoriia i Kul’tura Chu-
vashei Povolzh’ia i Priural’ia, 22–3.
25 Kappeler, “Czarist Policy toward the Muslims of the Russian Empire,”
143–6. Also see Zenkovsky, Pan-Turkism and Islam in Russia, 16–18.
26 Gritsenko, Goroda severo-vostochnogo Kavkaza, 75–8.
27 G.A. Vertepov, “Obzor Terskoi oblasti za 1894 god,” zkoirgo 19
(1897):164, 168.
28 Baddeley, The Russian Conquest of the Caucasus, 222–3.
29 See Nolde, La formation de l’Empire russe, 2:358–84; “Napadenie na
Gruziiu,” Tiflisskiia Vedomosti, no. 1 (4 June 1828):3.
30 On Tsitsianov, see Rhinelander, “Tsitsianov, Pavel Dmitrievich,” in Joseph
L. Wieczynski, ed., The Modern Encyclopedia of Russian and Soviet History
(Gulf Breeze, Fl: Academic International Press), 40:51–5.
31 “Predsmertnoe Pis’mo,” Kavkaz, no. 17 (16 February 1846):28.
32 “8 Fevralia 1806 g.–8 Fevralia 1846 g.,” Kavkaz, no. 6 (8 February 1846):22–3.
33 gviarf, f. 14719, op. 2, 1841–43, d. 878, Delo “Postavlenie Raevskogo,”
Letter from Colonel Murav’ev to General Kotsebu, 26 March 1841, l. 1. For
a 1832 listing of yearly payments in silver to Kabardan, Chechen, and
Adygei princes, see gviarf, f. 14719, op. 1, 1832, d. 153, Delo “Spisok
Aziatsam naznachennykh k nagrade,” ll. 1–2.
34 Dzidzariia, Makhadzhirstvo, 108.
35 gviarf, f. vua, op. 1, 1856–58, d. 6662, Delo “O chastom poiavlenii na
vostochnom beregu Chernago moria Angliiskikh i Turetsskikh sudakh,”
Letter to minister of war, 14 November 1856, ll. 3–4.
36 gviarf, f. 14719, op. 3, 1826, d. 8, Delo “Prisiaga Karachaevskogo naroda
russkomu pravitel’stvu,” Letter of mulla, trans. from Arabic, 25 July 1826,
l. 2.
37 Raeff, The Well-Ordered Police State, 221; Jones, The Emancipation of the
Russian Nobility, 1762–1785.
Notes to pages 14–18