Diplomacy and Trade in the Chinese World, 589-1276

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674 conclusion


The Army Which Cherishes the Distance, in Tsong-kha, 1100.
The Army Which Cherishes the Distance, in Champa, 1120.
The Army Which Cherishes the Distance, in She-p’o, 1129.

This pleasing but meaningless bookkeeping device allowed the same
name to be used more than once. There was supposedly an Army
Which Attaches Itself to Righteousness among the Uighurs in 840 and
another in Sha chou in 851, an Army West of the [Yellow] River in
the Kan-su Corridor in 926-933 and another in Tsong-kha in 1041,
an Army Which Quiets the Sea in Chiao-chih/Annam in 973 and
another in Koryo in 988, and an Army Which Cherishes the Distance
in Tsong-kha in 1100, in Champa in 1120 and in She-p’o in 1129.
Since the armies did not exist and only were a self-serving conceit
of the Chinese, their names could be duplicated even simultaneously
and scattered about at will.
These were the imaginary Area Commands:


Unnamed Area Command of the Pa-yeh-ku, 647.
The Jao-lo Area Command, of the Hsi, 648.
The Chien-k’un Area Command, of the Kirghiz, 648.
The Sung-mo Area Command, of the Khitan, 648.
Three unnamed Area Commands, of the Qarluqs, 657.
The Hsiu-hsün Area Command, in Ferghana, 658.
The Ta-wan Area Command, in Tashkent, 658.
The K’ang-chü Area Command, in Samarkand, 658.
The Kuei-shang Area Command, in Ho, 658.
The Ch’ü-sha Area Command, in Kish, 658.
The Yüeh-chih Area Command, in Tokharia, 661.
The Hsiu-hsien Area Command in Kapiáa, 661.
The Chi-ling Area Command, in Persia, 661.
Unamed Area Commands, of the Uighurs, 661.
The Chi-lin Area Command, in Silla, 663.
The P’i-sha Area Command, in Khotan, c.682.
The Hu-han Area Command, in Po-hai, 712.
The Black River Area Command of the Black River Mo-ho, 726.
The Kuei-yi Area Command, of the Hsi, 732.
Unnamed Area Command, in Shih-ni, 747.
Unnamed Area Command, of the Shih-wei, 792.
The Yün-nan Area Command, in Nan-chao, 1117.
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