A History of Ottoman Political Thought Up to the Early Nineteenth Century

592 Place Names, Subjects, Terms

Tribal character of the early Ottoman
emirate 35, 44
Tribes, Turcoman 65, 99, 115
“Tulip period” 16, 326, 332, 343, 388, 399,
400, 430
Tunis 357
Turkmens 164
Turks 166–168, 196, 201–203, 217n, 260, 265,
358, 367, 374, 394, 438, 451n
Tusian philosophy see Tusi, Nasir al-Din

Ukraine 403
Ulema 15, 21, 31–32, 36n, 38, 43, 47, 49, 53,
55–56, 67, 89, 94, 104, 116, 118, 123, 125,
132–133, 136, 140, 148, 151–152, 155, 159,
166–167, 173, 175–176, 182–183, 189,
191–192, 194, 196, 207, 209–210, 212, 217,
219, 225–226, 231, 234, 242–243, 249,
255, 258, 261, 263, 275, 281–282, 295,
307–308, 316–317, 320, 334, 340, 352n,
365–368, 370–372, 374–375, 385, 410,
433, 444n, 446, 449–450, 452, 457
Households 143, 281, 316
Opposition against 36, 39–43, 45, 424,
434
See also pillars of society
Ummayads 161
Uniforms 216, 226n, 352–353, 359, 362, 373,
392, 396, 409, 418–419
Unitarian church 384
Usûlî school of Shi’i thought 457–459
Usury 103, 119, 170, 175, 199n, 356, 445

Vakf 32, 37–38, 49n, 56, 59n, 64, 69, 102–104,
109, 134, 153, 203–204, 208, 263, 275, 375,
411
Cash vakfs 103, 108–109, 114, 118–119, 121,
216, 235–236, 245
Sultan’s vakfs 153, 164, 171, 328
Vakf villages 211
Venice 30, 63–65, 99, 102, 115, 144, 151, 238,
265–266, 271, 279–280, 297, 326, 387
Vidin 382
Vienna 178, 272, 365, 415, 426
First siege (1529) 99, 390

Second siege (1683) 239, 260, 271, 280,

312, 316, 334, 402, 408

Virtues 12, 23, 71–72, 76, 127, 138, 151–152,

338, 346

Cardinal 23, 68, 71, 74, 76–80, 91, 97, 133,

210n

Viziers 8, 38, 40, 49, 55–57, 68, 76, 95–96,

124–125, 127, 132–134, 136–138, 141–142,

147–153, 159, 176, 178, 186, 189, 196, 198,

200, 203, 205, 207–208, 210, 224, 226,

228–229, 259, 277, 282, 284, 287,

292–293, 295, 307, 317, 329, 331, 335,

337–339, 346, 350, 355, 365–366, 373,

393, 411, 429, 441, 452

Number thereof 176, 208, 209–211, 367

Responsibility 38, 133, 163, 206

Vlachs 248n, 357

Wahhabi movement 330, 456n

Wallachia 63, 145, 178, 183n, 184, 403

Wealth 37, 48, 53, 55, 82–83, 91, 93, 107–108,

117, 121, 133, 135, 139, 143, 153, 164, 167,

170, 288, 304, 317, 320–321, 436, 440

Westernization 9, 27, 326, 331, 361–362, 366,

369, 380, 388, 426, 430, 449, 455

Advocates of 27–28, 333, 343–345, 353,

360–361, 365, 369, 376, 380–431, 455

See also reform

Wine 73, 126, 164, 178, 239, 250, 259, 274,

323

Wisdom, as a cardinal virtue 77–78, 438

Wisdom, practical 68, 75–76

Women 39, 40–41, 164, 176, 182, 184, 250–251,

255, 259, 262, 289, 341, 444, 452

World order 59, 71, 82, 84, 90, 92, 98,

154–155, 180, 182, 186, 285, 296, 323, 380,

438, 446–449

Yanya (Ioannina) 382

Yasa 122, 438, 441

Yemen 100, 144, 177n, 358

Zand dynasty (Iran) 330, 346

Zimmis 189, 259–261, 265–267, 269, 274, 277,

353, 367n, 384, 449, 451–452