America\'s Military Adversaries. From Colonial Times to the Present

by the Americans and held captive at Albany for nearly five years. Once in Canada, Guy Johnson disputed the intended role of the ...

colonel and justice of the peace. As deputy su- perintendent of the Six Nations, he also proved himself a staunch ally in helpin ...

time was still surrounded by American forces, and Butler was conspicuously engaged at the Battle of The Cedars in May 1776, whic ...

exchanged them for members of his own fam- ily held at Albany. Butler’s notorious success in New York could not go unanswered, s ...

post he occupied until 1772. The following year Campbell returned to Scotland, where he acquired an estate and represented the S ...

flock to the colors. However, in January 1779 he was reinforced and replaced by Gen. Au- gustin Prevostof Florida. That same mon ...

Canonchet (d. 1676) Narragansett War Chief CANONCHET H aughty Canonchet peaceably led the biggest Indian tribe of southern New E ...

pal Narragansett town, situated on an island in the middle of a swamp in present-day South Kingston. On December 16, 1675, in th ...

CAPTAINJACK Captain Jack (ca. 1837–October 3, 1874) Modoc Subchief C aptain’s Jack’s re- fusal to settle on a reservation trig- ...

holdouts were approached by 500 soldiers under Lt. Col. Frank Wheaton, and a siege began in earnest. To everybody’s surprise, Ca ...

CARLETON, GUY Carleton, Guy (September 3, 1724–November 10, 1808) English General; Colonial Governor T he earnest, efficient Car ...

available manpower inadequate to the task of maintaining order, and so he directed rein- forcements be brought down from Canada. ...

gland to serve as governor of Armagh, Ire- land, and was succeed by Gen. Frederick Haldimand. However, his open and scathing cri ...

CERVERA, PASCUAL Cervera, Pascual (February 18, 1833–April 3, 1909) Spanish Admiral A dmiral Cervera commanded the forlorn Spani ...

Cervera ordered his crew to disembark, and they filed into the trenches of Santiago as part of the city’s defenses. Previ- ously ...

ably acquitted, and restored to service. He rose to vice admiral in 1901 and the following year was promoted to naval chief of s ...

In time Cixi revealed herself a master of court intrigue and a power bro- ker to reckon with. She resided in luxurious iso- lati ...

clared war against all foreign powers on its soil. Whether the Dowager Empress did this to rid the foreigners—or to simply defle ...

CLEBURNE, PATRICKRONAYNE Cleburne, Patrick Ronayne (March 16, 1828–November 30, 1864) Confederate General “F ighting Pat” Clebur ...

1863), where his men routed the Union right wing and drove it back four miles. He then ac- companied Bragg’s retreat back to nor ...