management system. Later on, a new Brilliant Pebbles design replaced
space-based interceptors with an early warning and tracking system in
support of thousands of small space-based miniature computers and
sensors—therefore the title “brilliant”—each capable of autonomous in-
terception of enemy missiles that traveled within range. This change
supposedly was to make the system less vulnerable to enemy antisatel-
lite weapons. Brilliant Pebbles gave way to theater-level antimissile de-
fense proposals during the William J. Clintonadministration in the
1990s and the land-based missile defense initiative of the George W.
BushWhite House in 2001 and 2002.BRITISH SECURITY COORDINATION. See STEPHENSON,
WILLIAM SAMUEL.BROWSER, MARY E. (Dates of birth and death unknown).Mary E.
Browser was born a slave and worked on the John van Lew plantation.
In 1851, Elizabeth van Lewfreed her and the other family slaves and
sent Mary Browser to school in Philadelphia. During the Civil War,
Elizabeth van Lew recruited Mary Browser as a spy by planting her as
a maid in the home of Confederate president Jefferson Davis. Browser
read war dispatches as she dusted furniture and traveled to the van
Lew mansion at night to report her information. Her intelligence was
sent directly to General Ulysses S. Grant, greatly enhancing the
Union’s conduct of the war. Mary Browser probably was the highest
placed agent of any of the spies during the Civil War.BUCHANAN, JAMES (1791–1868). Fifteenth president of the United
States between 1857 and 1861.BUREAU OF INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH (INR). The
State Department’s INR, established in 1946, is an all-source agency
that engages in political, economic, and military intelligence analy-
sis. The INR does not have a collection capability of its own but is a
consumer of raw intelligence from other U.S. intelligence agencies as
well as of diplomatic reports from U.S. embassies abroad. Its princi-
pal customer is the secretary of state and his senior advisors, but INR
products are distributed to a wider audience outside the Department
of State. As a vital member of the intelligence community (IC), the16 • BRITISH SECURITY COORDINATION05-398 (2) Dictionary.qxd 10/20/05 6:27 AM Page 16