I lOO NOTES TO CHAPTER I Isoldiers, but since he already has estimated 10,748 materiel taxpayers for the same num-
ber of soldiers, there could not have been more than two more support taxpayers (poin),
or a total of 2 I ,496, in this category,
I also think he double counts 3,350 material support persons for the Crack Select Sol-
diers bccause the Sillok mentions a total of 12,474 of Crack Select poin combined with
the 846 downgraded soldiers and their support taxpayers, reduced to 6,595. He should
not add on another 3,350, 1 believe.
On the other hand, in 1704 when almost all military units were reorganized in a major
reform effort, the Reform Bureau of that time stated that under "the old system" the For-
bidden Guards consisted of 1 36 companies of 127 men each (i.e., 17,272 soldiers), which.
combined with three support taxpayers for every man, capital and provincial Standard
Bearers (P'yoha), Special Cavalry (Pyolyowi), and Cannoneers (Pyolp'ajin), et ai., came
to a total of 91,696 men. If you subtract the 17,272 rotating duty soldiers from this, it
leaves 74,424 for support taxpayers and miscellaneous types of soldiers. This is not far
from the figure 01'7'11" I 95 that Yi T'aejin gives for support taxpayers in [6'11,2. Even though
there were a few thousand more duty soldiers in 1704, I would accept Yi's estimate even
though its derivation is not clear. Possibly this figure should include miscellaneous sol-
diers as well as support taxpayers. See Sukchong sillok 13, sang: ISa-b; Hvolljong sillok
2I:29b-30a: Ch'a Munsop, ''Ki:imwiyong i:ii yon'gu," pp. 346, 348-54; Yi T'aejin,
ChosiJn hugi, pp. 200-201, especially the table on p. 201. See p. 226 n.7. See also Suk-
chong sillok 40:55b.
- In 1704, when the size of the force was cut back, there were 136 companies of
127 men each with 3 support taxpayers per man, exclusive of miscellaneous soldiers. At
this time, the 136 companies were divided into 13 rather than 10 shifts of two months
each, which meant that the interval between duty was extended from 20 to 36 months.
These figures would yield a total of 69,088 duty soldiers and support taxpayers com-
bined, but in fact the actual figure was 91,696, almost 32 percent higher than one would
expect. Hence. in 1682. if my calculations are increased by a factor of 32 percent, the
estimated total of soldiers and support taxpayers combined should have been around 60,000
men. Ch'a Munsop, "Ki:imwiyong i:ii yon'gu," p. 353. - Sukchollg sillok [3, sang:25a-b; Ch'aMunsop, "Ki:imwiyong i:ii yon 'gu," pp. 349-50.
- Sukchong sillok I I: IOb-1 la, Sukchong 7.l.kyong'0, cited in Yi T'aejin, ChosiJn
hug;, p. 199 n.60; Han 'guk kunjesa (1977), pp. 149-50. - Ch'aMunsop, study of the Ki:imwiyong in Taegu sahak7:8 (1973), included in his
ChosiJn sidae iii kunje; Han'guk kunjesa (1977), pp. 150-53; Yi T'aejin, Choson hugi,
pp.202-3,esp.nn·7 0 -7 2. - See Haboush, "A Heritage of Kings," pp. 66-69 for explanation of the issues sur-
rounding the Patriarch/Disciple split. - Yi T'aejin, Han 'gllk kunjesa (1977), p. 153, notes that in fact the disputc between
consort relatives that began around 1680 changed the mode of factional politics that had
prevailed up to this time. - Yi T'aejin, Chosiin hUlli, p. 206.
- Yi T'aejin, Hall 'guk kUlljesa (1977), pp. 153-58; idem, Chosi5n hugi, pp. 205-8,
210- 1 3.