The Viking World (Routledge Worlds)

Barrett, J.H., Locker, A.M. and Roberts, C.M. ( 2004 ) ‘“Dark Age economics” revisited: the English fish bone evidence ad 600 – ...

McCormick, M. ( 2001 ) Origins of the European Economy. Communications and Commerce ad 300 – 900 , New York: Cambridge Universit ...

Steuer, H. ( 1987 ) ‘Gewichtsgeldwirtschaften im frühgeschichtlichen Europa’, in K. Düwel et al. (eds) Untersuchungen zu Handel ...

CHAPTER TEN COINAGE AND MONETARY ECONOMIES Svein H. Gullbekk W hen Scandinavians travelling outwards initiated the Viking Age in ...

so with the use of coins and monetary economies. This is very much a topic of current development as a consequence of the many o ...

have followed this development are less inclined to doubt that coins were used and used widely; however, the question has to be ...

in the decades around 800. The second takes place in the last quarter of the tenth century when Islamic dirhams disappear and ar ...

jewellery, rings and hack-silver being predominant in the ninth and the first half of the tenth century. During the second half ...

attributed to a limited number of places within Viking Scandinavia: Haithabu, Ribe, Lund, Sigtuna and Nidarnes before the expans ...

the purchasing power would probably not be sufficient to pay a heavy fine or for a small farm. If we compare the silver hoards o ...

fact that locally produced coins mixed with foreign coins only a short period of time after being struck, suggests that this was ...

Sigtuna must have come from abroad of which foreign coins formed a substantial part. In a weight economy the silver being coined ...

Grierson, P. ( 1966 ) ‘Harold Hardrada and Byzantine coin types in Denmark’, Byzantinische For- schungen. Internationale Zeitsch ...

Suchodolski, S. ( 1971 ) ‘Die Anfänge der Munzprägung in Scandinavien und Polen’, Nordisk Numismatisk Årskrift: 20 – 37. Talvio, ...

CHAPTER ELEVEN VIKING SHIPS AND THE SEA Jan Bill G eography has made shipbuilding and seafaring essential for the Scandinavians ...

could, of course, be obtained by plundering. Smaller ships needed smaller investments, but the figures underline that shipbuildi ...

Scandinavia. Some written evidence points to the continuous use of sail in the southern North Sea and the Channel from Roman tim ...

Figure 11. 1 The central part of the Oseberg and Gokstad ships, showing the differences in keelson and mast fish construction. ( ...

not only about 8 per cent longer, but also 25 per cent higher than the Oseberg ship. This is achieved by adding two extra strake ...

sinking, as it had served as a fireship in an attack on Hedeby at the most twenty-five years after its construction in c. ad 985 ...