War, Peace, and International Relations. An Introduction to Strategic History

Plan for the grand envelopment of the French armies was executed. It failed because of its logistical frailty and the weariness ...

1915: victory remains elusive In 1915 the new German Chief of Staff, Erich von Falkenhayn, a dedicated ‘Westerner’, was overrule ...

by the need to contain the first major British offensive of the war. From 24 June (includ- ing the seven days of artillery prepa ...

between 29 April and 20 May. They mutinied not against the war, but against futile offensives conducted without apparent care fo ...

separating the BEF and the French Army. But 191 8 was not to be a year of military or strategic miracles for Germany. Familiar p ...

in all countries. Then it was up to strategy to deliver the kind of military outcome that would satisfy the demands of policy. A ...

The military problem of the war on the Western Front, the only theatre for decision, was not directly strategic, nor even operat ...

offensives would fail if the infantry could not penetrate the enemy’s wire. In the absence of tanks, the wire would have to be c ...

previously held back, out of hostile artillery range. In addition, the operational-level movement of troops by the lateral rail ...

least not unless foreigners ceased to regard them as tolerable credit risks. Finally, the Allied maritime economic blockade of t ...

and the strategic dilemma of having too few means to achieve the political ends demanded. This discussion may have given the imp ...

Further reading J. B. A. Bailey The First World War and the Birth of the Modern Style of Warfare, The Occasional [monograph], No ...

Map 8.1 Europe between the wars ...

8 The twenty-year armistice, 1919–39 Introduction: contrasting decades The author of the pessimistic prediction in the title to ...

War II was a different conflict from World War I, and the 1930s differed markedly, indeed decisively, from the 1920s. While one ...

Germany was stripped of Alsace–Lorraine; French domestic opinion would brook no plebiscite there. It also lost three small encla ...

and reschedule reparations payments more realistically. Finally, in 1929, the reparations problem was tackled yet again, this ti ...

stable if it is judged unacceptably unjust by a disadvantaged great power. Making an enduring peace is more of a challenge than ...

discontents was of no great significance in the 1920s. During that decade the political and strategic contexts placed strict pra ...

Four empires were removed from the map: the Imperial German, the Austro- Hungarian, the Russian and the Ottoman. In place of bei ...