The_Invention_of_Surgery
saline is performed, and a palpable optimism flickers to life in our operating room. Mr. Louis, although bizarrely disfigured wi ...
two main classes of cells that either stained purple (“Gram-positive”) or red (“Gram-negative”) in response to a series of stain ...
(showing a propensity to bind with certain bacteria), but was more chemically unstable and easier to manipulate in the lab. Ehrl ...
success. More significantly, the development of Salvarsan was a false lead, as all future antibiotics (after the sulfonamides) w ...
in 1927 to Bayer set the stage for a muscular approach in the quest for a true antibacterial medicine. “If Ehrlich had tested d ...
Bayer knew that their new medicine, KL-730, which they would name “Prontosil,” was effective against bacteria because of the uni ...
College, contracted a life-threatening streptococcal throat infection. Physicians in Boston administered the new magic bullet, s ...
hindered the growth of bacteria. The shy and reticent researcher concluded that there must be a substance in the nasal discharge ...
Fleming’s assistant was slovenly?—but in the final analysis, Penicillium is a common mold that has been making its own special c ...
bacteriological research, and by the time the building was completed in 1927, an impressive roster of resourceful minds was bein ...
Howard Florey had succeeded in hiring a world-class-trained (read: German chemist) scientist who could help him investigate the ...
Dunn experimental program impoverished is to flatter”^11 ), Heatley was essential. No one in the world knew how to successfully ...
Oxford’s Dunn School. Eight mice were infected with streptococcus, with four treated with a series of penicillin injections and ...
Both patients had received injections around the clock; dire shortages of the medicine mandated that Alexander’s urine be collec ...
of samples of Penicillium mold from around the world. Although the Oxford team was an assemblage of masterminds, none were mycol ...
Part of the answer lies in the need for fuel. Outside of Romania, there wasn’t a decent-sized oil field between the Atlantic and ...
contain billions of bacteria—competing for scarce resources and evolving molecular weapons to defend themselves from other bacte ...
in particular tuberculosis, the deadliest infectious disease in history. TB had killed one-seventh of all human beings—roughly f ...
experiment of Scottish surgeon James Lind, in which a controlled trial of citrus fruit administration was shown to be effective ...
scientists learned that grinding hard work and a little good luck achieved something that physicians and scientists would have t ...
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