Anesthesia, October 16, 1846–October 16, 1896, (Boston: Massachusetts General Hospital,
1897), 27–37.
3 Ann Ellis Hanson, “‘Your mother nursed you with bile’: anger in babies and small children,”
in Susanna Braund, and Glenn W. Most, eds., Ancient Anger, Perspectives from Homer to
Galen (Cambridge, UK: University of Cambridge Press, 2004), p. 185.
4 https://www.greekmyths-greekmythology.com/morpheus-the-god-of-dreams/. Accessed
October 4, 2018.
5 M. L. Meldrum, “A capsule history of pain management,” JAMA, 290(18), Nov. 12, 2003.
6 Ibid., p. 2.
7 Sherwin Nuland, The Origins of Anesthesia (Birmingham: Classics of Modern Medicine,
1983), p. 25.
8
https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/josephpriestleyoxy
gen.html. Accessed October 9, 2019.
9 Ibid.
10 Ibid.
11 Henry Guerlac, “Joseph Black and Fixed Air, a Bicentenary Retrospective, with some New
or Little Known Material,” Isis, vol. 48, No. 2, 1957, p. 125.
12 https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/josephpriestleyoxy
gen.html. Accessed October 9, 2019.
13 Humphry Davy, Researches, Chemical and Philosophical: Chiefly Concerning Nitrous
Oxide (Bristol, UK: Biggs and Cottle, 1800), p. 556.
14 Sherwin Nuland, The Origins of Anesthesia (Birmingham: Classics of Modern Medicine,
1983), p. 54.
15 Ibid., p. 55.
16 Ibid., p. 63.
17 https://archive.org/stream/101495446.nlm.nih.gov/101495446#page/n1/mode/2up.
Accessed October 9, 2019.
18 Sherwin Nuland, The Origins of Anesthesia (Birmingham: Classics of Modern Medicine,
1983), p. 65.
19 Ibid., p. 67.
20 Ibid., p. 68.
21 John Collins Warren, “Inhalation of ethereal vapor for the prevention of pain in surgical
operations,” Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, December 9, 1846.
22 Sherwin Nuland, The Origins of Anesthesia (Birmingham: Classics of Modern Medicine,
1983), p. 99.
23 Gordon, H. Laing, quoted in Sherwin Nuland, The Origins of Anesthesia (Birmingham:
Classics of Modern Medicine, 1983), p. 108.
24 http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow/victoria.html. Accessed October 9, 2019.
TEN: ELECTIVE SURGERY
1 Gerald Imber, Genius on the Edge: The Bizarre Double Life of Dr. William Stewart Halsted
(New York: Kaplan, 2011), p. 66.