TheFirst
Military
Slave
System
141
cUthmnowned1,000mamlks,andononeoccasionheman-
umitted 80 ina
singleday;
thefatherofIbn
az-Zubayr
owned
1,000maleand1,000femaleslaves.
2
Evenaeunuchhad
"great
wealth
in
slaves.
’’a
WhencAbdal-MalikarrestedhiscousinCAmr
b.
Saqd
in
69/689,thelatterordered 12,000ofhisslavesand
mawlastosurroundthe
caliph’spalace.
4
CAmrb.Saidalsohad
1,000
slaves
in
Meccaand
1,000in
A.t-.Tfi’if.
5
WhenIbn
az-Zubayr
diedin73/692,heleftbehind1,000skilled(sni)mamlks. One
ofIbn
az-Zubayr’s
commandersinBasra,
apparently
anIsfa-
hani,owned 400 mamlks.
Thefabtilousslave
holdings
ofMfisfib.
Nus.ayr
have
already
beendiscussed. Mfis’slieutenant,
Triq
b.Ziyd,amawla,was
able
to
offer 100
slaves
to
savehislife.
9
In120/738,thekharj
collectorin
Iraqgaveaway2,000
wo4.fs
and
1,000freedmen
(at[qs).
1
Atsome
unspecified
time,thefirstArabianransomed
himselfforthe
price
of2,000camelsand1,000slaves?
Throughout
theArabian
period,
the
caliphsreceivedlarge
numbersof
captives
sent
by
victoriouscommandersas
khums,
the
one-fifthofthe
spoils
duetotheruler.
Although
the
military
leaders
probablydispatched
khums
afternearly
everyvictory,
the
chroniclesonlyoccasionallymentionit.Wehave
specific
refer-
encesfortheRiddaWars,
Ayn
at-Tamrin12/633,the
capture
of
Jerusalem
thesame
year,
theBattleof
al-Qdisiya
in14/635,
thebattlesofal-Mad’inand
Jalfil’
two
years
later,andsome
may
havebeensentfromthe
siege
ofAhwazin
23/643.1.
2.Onethousand
mam/fiks:
ad-Damiri,1:49; 80 manumitted:ar-Rashid,
p.204;
1,000maleand1,000femaleslaves:Arnin,p.105,quotingal-MaseOdi(withouta
reference).
3.
al-Maqrizi,
al-Maw(
Ciz,2:137.
4.
Jah,p.
112.
5.Balarni,4:102-03.FormoreonAmrb.Said’smawlas,seeKister,
p.
46.
6.ar-Rashid,p.203.
7.
FB,p.366.Ayalon,"PreliminaryRemarks,"p.46,drawsunwarrantedcon-
clusionsfromthisminorfact
(following
Goitein,
p.
235 n.
1).
8.
Pp.
124’27.
9.FM,
p.
210.
10.T,2:1648.
11.IbnRusta,p.193;KM,p. 265 mentionsthecamels butnottheslaves.
12.RiddaWars:T,1:1979.
Ayn
at-Tamr:
T.
A.
ash-Sharqi,Ayn
at-Tatar