244
Slave-kings,xixnl6,23,24nl,48,49,
51,52-53, 66
Slave-master
relationship,
8,
19,21,
28,30,89-90,98-99.Seealso
Freedman,
relationship
with
pa-
tron;Mawlas,patronrelationships
Slaverevolts,24,40,45,
189;
fear
of,
26-27
Slavery:Islamicatetermsfor,15-16;
Muslim
andOrientalistviewsof,
13-15;
in
NorthAmerica, 17 (see
alsoAmericanCivil
War);true,14,
18-23
Slavesoldiers.
SeeMilitaryslaves
Slave
status,17,19,28;
inIslamic
law,
93-94,97;manumission
and,
21-22
Slave
terminology,
xxii,xxvi,5-6,
195-98
Slaves:abundanceofin
Islamdom,
95-96;asemergency
manpower
source,34;female,23, 35,44,96,
150;forcedto
fight
own
people,30;
askhums,97-98,
141-42;paidas
tax/tribute,142-43;in
warfare,
24-53,93,94-95,109-39,161-66.
Seealso
Governmentslaves;Mawlas;
Militaryslaves;Slave-masterre-
lationship;
Unfree,the
Slaves,freed.SeeFreedmen
Slaves,
ordinary:military
functionof,
31-35;
militaryskillsof,25-26;in
warfare,6-10,24-35
Slaves,true:defined,16;
diverse
po-
sitionsof,16-18;
military
slaves
as,
12-23
Slavs,47;
preferred
as
soldiers,
183.
Seealso
SaqMiba
Socialrank, 98
Soghdia,127,128,146;
gathered
childrentotrain
asslaves,162-63
Soldiers:
Arabian,160,168-70;
mawlasas,159,
167-74,187;pro-
fessional,149-51
qualificationsof,
94;
and
tribal
organization
of
army,
167-68iunreliabilityof,168-70,
Index
179-80,194.Seealso
Marginal
area
soldiers;Militaryslaves;Slaves,in
warfare
SoutheastAsia,xv
Spain,
xv,xx,72;unfree
fightingin,
124-27
SpanishUmayyads.
See
Umayyad
dynasty,Spanish
Stirrup:
asreasonfor
militaryslavery,
55-58
Su’fib
(ghulm), 165
SudaneseMahdiya, 52
Sufimasters
(pirs),
74
Sufiorders,59, 74
Sufis, 70
.Suhaybb.Sinn, 116
Sulaymfin(caliph),126, 142
Sulaymfin
b.
Hishfim, 129
Sunna, 67
Sunni
Muslims, 73
Suyfit.i,
as-, 210
Syria,
115,154,168,169, 173
.Tabari,at.-,
122-23,158,164, 211
Tabaristan,115,116,128;rulerof,
190
.Thir
b..Tal.ha,
180
Tahiriddynasty,88,177n71
Ta’if,112,120, 141
Talas,Battleof, 177
Tal.ha,
114
Tal.ha
b.
Tfihir,
147
Tammhm
b.eAlqama, 130
T’angdynasty,
alliancewith
Abbasids,
177
Tangiers, 125
Tarif
(mawla),125, 126
Tariqb.Ziyhd,125-27, 141
T.arqas,
73-74, 78
Tarkhfin(ruler), 127
Tarsuna(place),130,192n132
Tartars, 200
Tartusha(place),192rd32
Tashkent, 177
Tax/tribute:slaves
as,142-43, 147
Tayffar, 205