Gardners Art through the Ages A Global History

Index 1077

Late Byzantine, 3; art of, 335–338, 339;

painting of, 336–338, 393

Late Classical period, 137–145, 155, 478;

architecture of, 143–145; sculpture of,

137–140

Late Gothic, 488, 489, 495, 534, 553, 577, 644;

architecture of, 516, 535; Italian

humanism and, 552; popularity of, 539

Late Horizon period, 380, 858

Late Renaissance, 579–611, 622, 623

Late Roman Empire, 239, 287, 421; art of,

276–286

Later Islamic architecture and art, 352–362

Lateral section, 11, 12

Latrobe, Benjamin, 773

Laurentian Library (Michelangelo),

620–621, 621

Laussel (France), female figure from, 18, 18

Law (Justice),frescoes of (Raphael), 586

Lawrence, Jacob,967; work of, 956–957, 957

Lawrence, Saint, 302, 645

Le Bonheur de Vivre (The Joy of Life)

(Matisse),35-2A

Le Brun, Charles,703, 752, 753; work of,

697,697,698,698, 699

Le Corbusier,747, 925, 967, 1002, 1025;

work of, 963–964,964,1004, 1004

Le Nain, Louis:work of, 694, 694

Le Nôtre, André:work of, 698–699

Le Tuc D’Audoubert, bison at, 18, 19

Le Vau, Louis:work of, 697, 697

Leach, Bernard: Hamada Shoji ceramics

and, 748

Leaning Tower: Pisa Cathedral and, 451

Learning from Las Vegas(Venturi), 1010

Lectionary of Henry II,427; folio from, 427

LED technology.SeeLight-emitting diode

technology

Ledger paintings, 867–868,868, 869

Legalism, 184, 185

Legend of the True Cross (Piero della

Francesca),21-43B

Legends of Mount Shigi,217–218; flying

storehouse from, 218

Léger, Fernand,953; Purism and, 925–926;

work of, 925–926,926,35-22A

Lehmbruck, Wilhelm,945,35-10A;

Armory Show and, 934; work of,

916–917, 917

Leibl, Wilhelm:work of, 805, 805

Lemoine, J. B.:work of, 752

Lenin, Vladimir, 910

Leo III, Emperor: iconoclasm and, 327, 339

Leo III, Pope, 415, 429

Leo X, Pope, 587, 592,22-11A

León, Spain: cathedral,18-25A

Leonardo da Vinci,498, 523, 541, 550, 562,

585, 587, 594, 595, 597, 608, 612, 618, 623,

635, 639, 929,22-8A;anatomical studies

by, 583–584; atmospheric perspective

and, 547; death of, 578, 584; Dürer and,

628, 629; imitation and, 553; Isabella and,

611; linear perspective and, 547; on

painting/ sculpture, 588; work of,

580–584,581, 582, 583,22-3A, 22-6A

Lepcis Magna, Arch of Septimus Severus,

277,277, 291

Lérida, Santa María de Mur, 444–445

Lescot, Pierre,647, 697,23-12A; work of,

636–637, 636

Lespinasse, Julie de: salons and, 753

Leto, 101, 135, 136

Letter, The(Vermeer), 688–689, 688

Lewis, Edmonia:work of, 808–809, 808

Leyster, Judith,679; work of,682, 683

L.H.O.O.Q(Duchamp),35-27A

Liang Kai,738; work of, 200–201, 201

Liao dynasty, 199, 205,7-23A

Liber pontificalis, 299

Liberty, 5; personification of, 793

Liberty Leading the People(Delacroix),

791, 791

Libeskind, Daniel,1025; work of,

1013, 1013

Libon of Elis: work of, 119

Library, Piazza San Marco, Venice

(Sansovino),22-31A

Lichtenstein, Roy,1025; on Pop Art, 983;

work of, 983, 983

Life of Jesus(from Maestàaltarpiece)

(Duccio),19-9A, 19-10A

Light, 684–685; additive, 7, 10; natural, 7;

response to, 832

Light-emitting diode (LED) technology, 1023

Lima Tapestry,386, 386

Limbourg brothers (Herman, Jean, Pol),

539,20-16A;work of, 532–533, 533

Lin, Maya Ying,1014,36-62A;work of,

1006–1008, 1007

Lincoln, Abraham, 806, 808, 809

Lincoln Memorial, 1007

Lindau Gospels,418, 426; front cover of, 418

L’Indifférent(Watteau),754,755, 757

Lindisfarne Gospels,413, 417,16-3A, 16-9A;

carpet page of,406;Saint Matthew from,

413

Line, in art, 6–7

Linear A and B, 82

Linear perspective, 248, 539, 562; one-point,

547,547,548; two-point, 547, 547

Linguist’s staff (Bonsu), 898, 898

Linked man and woman (in Dogon art),

894, 895

Lintong army, 185–186, 186

Lion Gate, Hattusa, 43–44, 44

Lion Gate, Mycenae, 92–93,92,94, 95, 97;

detail of, 80

Lion Hunt(Rubens), 9,9,10, 675

Lion hunt and sacrifice to Diana (Rome),

10-48A

Lions and Old Testament prophet, 440

Lipchitz, Jacques,953; work of, 924, 924

Lippi, Fra Filippo,559, 583; work of,

556–557, 557

Lipstick (Ascending) on Caterpillar Tracks

(Oldenburg),36-26A

Literati painting, 721, 743

Lithography, 801, 819

Liu Sheng: incense burner from tomb of,

7-7A

Liu Yuan, rockwork of,724, 725

Lives of the Great Greeks and Romans

(Plutarch), 781

Lives of the Most Eminent Painters, Sculptors,

and Architects(Vasari), 503, 611, 618

Livia, 239, 250, 251, 255; portrait of, 254, 255

Living Theatre, 1021

Livy, Titus, 227, 239, 769

Llama, alpaca, and woman figurine (Inka),

32-7A

Lobster Trap and Fish Tail(Calder), 954, 954

Lochner, Stefan:work of,20-20A

Locke, Alain,35-36A

Lofty Mount Lu(Shen Zhou),726, 727

Lohans, 201, 203

Lohans Giving Alms to Beggars(Zhou

Jichang), 201, 202

Lombards, 315, 407–408, 415, 428, 445, 447;

Ravenna and, 331

Lombardy, 447, 448, 450, 516

London: Adelphi Terrace, 766; Banqueting

House, 701,701;Chapel of Henry VII,

488,488,495; Chiswick House, 770–771,

771,772, 773, 775; Crystal Palace, 759,

812–813,813,819, 1011; Houses of

Parliament,810,811; Saint Paul’s,702,

770; Westminster Abbey, 457, 489;

Whitehall, 701, 701

Longinus,297,330

Longitudinal section, 11

Longmen Caves (China), 192, 203

Lono, Hawaiian god,33-18A

Loos, Adolf:work of,35-72A

Lord Heathfield(Reynolds), 763, 763

Lorenzetti, Ambrogio,517,19-19B;work

of, 512–513,512,19-16A

Lorenzetti, Pietro,512,19-19B;work of,

510, 511

Lorrain, Claude.SeeClaude Lorrain

Lorsch, Germany: Torhalle,16-20A

Lost-wax process, 122,122,380, 397, 405, 652

Lotus Mahal (India),707, 717

Lotus Sutra,192, 215

Lotus table lamp (Tiffany), 848

Louis, Morris,732, 1025; work of, 977, 977

Louis IX, King, 362, 483; Crusades and, 482;

Rayonnant style and, 482, 495; Sainte-

Chapelle and, 477

Louis VI, King: Suger and, 463

Louis VII, King, 441, 448; Suger and, 463

Louis XIV, King, 691, 699, 700, 754,29-2A,

29-5A;French culture and, 751, 752;

Louvre and, 697–698, 703; patronage by,

696–697; portrait of,696,697, 755

Louis XIV(Rigaud),696, 697

Louis XV, King, 834; Rococo style and, 751,

753, 760

Louvain: Bouts and, 530

Louvre, 466, 636–637,636,647, 701, 702;

east facade of,697;expansion of, 703;

Louis XIV and, 697–698, 703

Loves of the Gods(Carracci), 658,658, 662

Lower Egypt, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59; Upper Egypt

and, 79

Lucian: on Aphrodite statue, 137

Lucius Verus, 239, 272

Lucky Strike(Davis), 936, 936

Ludovisi, Cardinal, 278

Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus, 278,279, 280

Luke, Saint, 329, 528–529, 556; symbol of, 5

Lumbini, 161, 165, 179

Luoyang, 184, 205

Luther, Martin, 596, 626,23-7A;Dürer

and, 630; Reformation and, 630–632;

on religious imagery, 632; salvation and,

631; translations by, 634

Lux nova,460, 464, 495,18-23A

Luxor: temples at,3-24A

Luxury arts, 724, 725, 733; Gothic, 481–486;

Islamic, 350–351, 358–362; Late Antique,

304–308

Luzarches, Robert de:work of, 474,474, 475

Ly dynasty (Vietnam), 715

Lydenburg, 395–397

Lydenburg head, 396–397, 396

Ly n c h Frag m e ntseries (Edwards), 995, 996

Lyre player from Keros, 83, 83

Lysikrates,monument by,144, 145

Lysippos of Sikyon,149, 153, 155, 278; work

of, 139–140

Ma Yuan, 7-24A;work of, 200, 200

Maat, 54, 57, 77

Macedonian court art, 140–142

Macedonian Renaissance, 334, 335

Macedonians, 100, 153, 328, 335

Machicolated galleries, 512

Machu Picchu,852,858, 869; aerial

view of, 859

Mackintosh, Charles Rennie,829; work of,

846, 847

Mackintosh, Margaret Macdonald:work

of, 846, 847

Madeleine, La, Paris, 780,780, 819

gardens,736,737; Tainan teahouse, 736,

740,740, 742

La Madeleine: bison at, 18, 19
La Madeleine, church of, Vézelay, 441–442;
tympanum of, 441
La Madeleine, Paris.SeeMadeleine, La
La Magdeleine des Albis: reclining woman,
1-6A
La Venta (Mexico), 367, 391
Labille-Guiard, Adélaïde:work of,29-14B
Labrouste, Henri,819, 849; work of,
812, 813
Labyrinth, 85, 97,18-44A
Lacquered wood,724,725, 733
Ladies Luncheon Room (Mackintosh and
Mackintosh), 846, 847
Ladislaus, King, 544, 546, 549
Lady of Auxerre,105,105,106, 108, 130
Lagash,2-16A
Lalibela, 399–400; Church of Saint George,
400, 400
Lamassu, 45–46,45, 51
Lamentation(Giotto),504,505,19-8A
Lamentation(Grünewald), 626
Lamentation over the dead Christ, 334
Landscape painting, 793–798,25-25A;
Chinese, 728, 733; Dutch, 686, 688–689;
popularity of, 798
Landscape with Cattle and Peasants(Claude
Lorrain), 693–694, 693
Landscape with Saint Jerome(Patinir),
642, 642
Landscape with Saint John on Patmos
(Poussin),25-25A
Landscape with volcanic eruption, 26–27, 26
Lang Shining (Giuseppe Castiglione),733;
work of, 729,729, 730
Lange, Dorothea,967; work of, 955, 955
Laocoön and his sons (Athanadoros,
Hagesandros, and Polydoros of Rhodes),
153–154,153,608, 609, 619, 844,22-12A
Laon Cathedral, 469, 470, 472, 474–475, 476,
495; facade of,467,468; interior of,467;
nave elevation of, 468
Lapiths, 114, 128, 128
Large Bathers, The(Cézanne),31-20A,
35-2A
Large Glass, The(Duchamp).See Bride
Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even, The
(Duchamp)
Lars Pulena, 265, 305; sarcophagus of,
233–234,233, 235
Lascaux, 22–23, 26; animal images at, 21;
Axial Gallery,1-11A;bison at,23;bulls at,
21;cave paintings at, 20, 23,1-11A;
“Chinese horse” at,1-11A;Hall of the
Bulls,1-11A;rhinoceros at, 23
Last Judgment, 330, 412, 414, 465, 466, 505,
639,20-8A
Last Judgment(Cavallini),19-8A
Last Judgment(Gislebertus),4,441, 441
Last Judgment(Michelangelo), 596,597,
22-27A, 22-53A;cleaning of, 595
Last Judgment Altarpiece(Rogier van der
Weyden),20-8A
Last Supper, 297, 412, 520, 556;
reinterpretation of, 990
Last Supper(Bouts), 530, 530
Last Supper(Castagno), 556, 557
Last Supper(Leonardo),582,587, 608, 616,
623,36-25A;linear perspective and, 547;
restoration of, 595
Last Supper(Tintoretto), 615–616, 615
Late Antiquity, 291, 335, 424; art of, 301, 312,
342, 344, 429; Jewish/Christian art of,
287; painting of, 230, 427; plans of, 302;
religious crosscurrents of, 289