CK12 Earth Science
Figure2.4: Nauticalmapsincludeadoublecompassrosethatshowsbothmagneticdirections (inner circle) and geographic compass directions ...
Topography As you know, the surface of the Earth is not flat. Some places are high and some places are low. For example, mountai ...
Figure2.6: ThisimagewasmadefromdataoftheLandsatsatelliteandshowsthetopography of the San Francisco Mountain and surrounding area ...
Even on the ocean floor there are mountains! Let’s discuss each. Continents Continents are relatively old (billions of years) co ...
Figure 2.9: Summary of major landforms on continents and features of coastlines. ( 11 ) As rivers and streams flow across contin ...
Figure 2.10: Diagram of the continental shelf and slope of the southeastern United States leading down to the ocean floor. ( 12 ...
Figure 2.12: Map of the mid-ocean ridge system (yellow-green) in the Earth’s oceans. ( 23 ) The deepest places of the ocean are ...
Figure 2.13: This map shows the location of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. ( 26 ) ...
Topography describes how the Earth’s surface varies in elevation. Mountains form the highest areas. Valleys and trenches form t ...
continent Land mass above sea level. continental margin Submerged, outer edge of the continent. continental rise Gently sloping ...
2.2 Modeling Earth’s Surface Lesson Objectives Describe what information a map can convey. Identify some major types of map pro ...
Red and brown lines show major roads that connect the cities. Blue lines show rivers. Their names are written in blue. Blue are ...
Figure 2.15: A map projection translates Earth’s curved surface onto two dimensions. ( 20 ) The map maker “slices” the sphere i ...
Figure 2.16: Gerardus Mercator developed a map projection used often today, known as the Mercator projection. ( 17 ) ...
Figure 2.17: A Mercator projection translates the curved surface of Earth onto a cylinder. ( 24 ) However, because it is a flat ...
but it works for any area that you chose. Figure 2.19: A gnomonic projection places a flat piece of paper on a point somewhere o ...
Map Coordinates Most maps use a grid orcoordinate systemto find your location. This grid system is sometimes called a geographic ...
Figure 2.22: Lines of latitude and longitude form convenient reference points on a map. ( 39 ) Your location should be near New ...
Figure 2.23: A topographic map like one that you might use for the sport of orienteering. ( 34 ) Figure 2.24: A globe is the mos ...
connects them. Despite their accuracy, globes are difficult to make and carry around. They also cannot be enlarged to show the d ...
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