150 ChaPTER 6 | GrowinG painS | period three 175 4 –18 0 0These Indians, known to be firmly connected in Friendship with our openly
avowed embittered Enemies, and some of whom have, by several Oaths, been
proved to be murderers, and who, by their better acquaintance with the Situation
and State of our Frontier, were more capable of doing us mischief, we saw, with
indignation, cherished and caressed as dearest Friends; But this, alas! is but
a part, a small part, of that excessive regard manifested to Indians, beyond His
Majesty’s loyal Subjects, whereof we complain, and which, together with various
other Grievances, have not only enflamed with resentment the Breasts of a num-
ber, and urged them to the disagreeable Evidence of it they have been constrained
to give, but have heavily displeased by far the greatest part of the good Inhabitants
of this Province.Minutes of the Provincial Councilor of Pennsylvania, from the Organization to the Termination
of the Proprietary Government, vol. 9 (Harrisburg, PA: Theo. Fenn, 1852), 142–143.P RaCTICINg historical Thinking
Identify: In addition to the Conestogo, who are the “openly avowed embittered
Enemies” of the Paxton Boys?
Analyze: Why do the Paxton Boys declare their loyalty to King George?
Evaluate: How do the Paxton Boys identify themselves in regard to Native Ameri-
cans, the citizens of Philadelphia, and the king of England?Document 6.3 FaTher JUniPero Serra, letter to Father
Palóu regarding the Founding of Mission
San Diego de alcala in California
1769Junipero Serra (1713–1784), a Franciscan monk, founded the first Spanish mission in Cal-
ifornia in 1769. In this letter, he writes to Father Francisco Palóu (1723–1789), a fellow
Spanish missionary in New Spain, and mentions the missionary activities of Father Joseph
Soler in northern Mexico.My Dearest Friend and Sir. On the 31st day of May, by the favor of God, after
rather a painful voyage of a month and a half, this packet, San Antonio [the name
of the vessel], commanded by Don Juan Perez, arrived and anchored in this hor-
rible port of Monterey, which is unaltered in any degree from what it was when
visited by the expedition of Don Sebastian Vizcaino in the year 1603.... On the
3d June, being the holy day of Pentecost, the whole of the officers of sea and land,
and all the people, assembled on a bank at the foot of an oak, where we caused anToPIC I | the perils and possibilities of expansion 15107_STA_2012_ch6_145-168.indd 150 19/03/15 5:19 PM