Index I37nullification crisis and, 258–259
psychological effects of, 327, 329
question of, 309–310
revival of, 233–234
rice and, 258
sectional controversy over,
211–212
sociology of, 325–327
in South, 322–324
Thirteen Amendment and, 407
Three-Fifths Compromise, 148
in West Indies, 41
Slaves, 63f
bonds between masters and, 330
families, 322–323
freed, 132, 403–404
fugitive, 346–347, 350–351
Hispaniola revolt of, 178, 179f,
233
life for, on plantations, 324–325
life for ex-slaves, 418–419
mistreatment of, 63
population increases among, 325
rebellions by, 63, 233, 258,
326, 327t
religion of, 326
treatment of, 325
urban, 326–327
Slave trade, 71, 322–323
Atlantic, 59m
illegal, 234
outlawing of, 258
Sleeping cars, 460
Sleeping sickness, 13
Slidell, John, 306, 379
Sloan, John, 558, 560f
Sloat, John D., 308
Slums, 332–333, 497, 500
city bosses and, 540
Social Gospel and, 504–506
Smallpox, 25, 26, 36
Smith, Adam, 471–472
Smith, Alfred E., 654, 670,
674–675, 695
Smith, Howard, 827
Smith, Jesse, 667
Smith, John, 32–33, 32n, 36–37,
277–278
Smith, Lamar, 296
Smith, Samuel, 202
Smith College, 513
Smith-Connally War Labor Disputes
Act, 716
Smoking, by women, 643
Smuggling
Embargo Act and, 190
of slaves, 234
Snake River valley, 444
Snaketown, 8, 11
SNCC.SeeStudent Nonviolent
Coordinating Committee
(SNCC)
Snow, John, 498
Soccer, 842
Social Change in America
(Clark), 237
Social Darwinism, 472, 493, 515
Social equality, 407
Social Gospel, 504–506
Socialism, 475, 559
rural, 561m
urban, 560m
Socialist party, 474–475, 558
Social mobility, 490–491
Social networking, 843–844, 845
Social reform
See alsoReform movements
in Progressive era, 563–565
in Revolutionary era, 131–132
Social sciences, 514–515
Social Security
FDR and, 684–685
viability of, 844
Social Security Act, 694, 695,
695 f, 700
Social work, 513
Society
in Middle colonies, 72
in mid-nineteenth century, 334
post-Revolution, 132
puritan, 65–68
of South, 63–64
in World War II, 717
Society of Cincinnati, 132
Society of St. Vincent de Paul, 505
Sociology, 515
Sod houses, 445f
Soil Conservation and Domestic
Allotment Act, 695
Somoan Islands, 588
Somoza, Anastasio, 812
Songhay, 13
Songs, illegal downloading of,
142–143
Sons of Liberty, 102, 177
The Sound and the Fury
(Faulkner), 692
South
agriculture in, 62–63, 322
alliance with West, 252, 258
American Revolution in,
124–126, 125m
Black Codes in, 407, 409
carpetbaggers in, 414–416
cities in, 63, 326
cotton in, 232–233desegregation in, 757–758
education in, 64
effects of Civil War on economy
of, 389–390
extremism in, 363
home and family in, 63–64
illiteracy in, 324
lack of industrialization in, 63
leaders in, in 19th century, 213
manufacturing in, 329
plantation life in, 324–325
population losses in, 642m
post–Civil War, 418–419
post–Reconstruction era in,
537–540
pre–Civil War economy, 322–324,
342
reasons for loss of Civil War
by, 394
Reconstruction in, 403–430
region of, 56
Republican party in, 416–417,
417 m, 425
school desegregation in, 774–775
secession by, 365–367, 366m, 373
segregation in, 537–539,
578–579, 756–758
sharecropping in, 420–421
slavery in, 322–324
transportation in, 321–322,
337, 341
women in, 390–391
South Carolina
colony of, 41, 86
cotton in, 232, 233
nullification and, 258
ratification of Constitution
by, 152
during Reconstruction, 415
secession by, 365
slavery in, 63, 132
vote on governor’s salary in, 150f
South Carolina Exposition and Protest
(Calhoun), 219, 258
South Carolina Negro Act, 63
South Dakota, 689
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization
(SEATO), 751–752
South End House, 506
Southern Alliance, 542
Southern Christian Leadership
Conference (SCLC), 758
Southern Homestead Act, 402, 418
Southern Pacific railroad, 448
Southern strategy, of Republican
party, 806m
South Korea, 745–747, 754f
South Sea Bubble, 253