I38 Index
South Vietnam, 751, 768, 799, 823
Southwest
acquisition of, from Mexico, 297
slavery issue in, 309–310
Sovereignty, 104
Soviet Union
Afghanistan and, 812–813, 812f
atom bomb and, 740–741, 744,
754 f
Carter and, 803
collapse of, 814
collapse of communism in Eastern
Europe and, 813–814
containment policy and, 739–740
Cuba and, 754–755
Eastern Europe and, 733,
741–743
Egypt and, 752
glasnostin, 807
Hitler’s invasion of, 707
under Khrushchev, 752–754
Korean war and, 745
massive retaliation policy and, 750
nonaggression pact with
Germany, 705
perestroikaand, 807
propaganda by, 740f
Sputnik, 753
after World War II, 739–740
World War II and, 722, 723,
731–733
Soyer, Isaac, 691f
Space race, 753
Space shuttle, 807
Spain
American empire of, 22–25, 27,
55, 55f, 90, 144
American Revolution and, 123
civil war in, 704
conquistadores, 22–23
Cuba and, 590–592
decline of, 27, 90
Franco and, 704
Lewis and Clark expedition
and, 184
Louisiana Purchase and, 177
surrender of Florida by, 206
tensions between Britain and, 31
Transcontinental Treaty and, 206
Treaty of San Lorenzo and, 162
Spanish-American War, 592–594,
606 f
Caribbean theater, 594m
Mainedisaster and, 591–592
Santiago, Battle of, 594
Spanish Armada, 31
Spanish flu, 628f
Spanish Inquisition, 44
Spanish missionaries, 55–56
Spear, Fred, 621f
Specie Circular, 260
Spectator sports, 502–503, 649–651
Spelling Book(Webster), 137
Spencer, Herbert, 515, 525
Spencer, Lilly Martin, 271f
Spices, 18–19
Spies, communist, 748
Spirit of St. Louis(airplane), 662
Spock, Benjamin, 826
Spoils system
See alsoCivil Service; Patronage
Jackson and, 251
Sports
in 1920s, 649–651
collegiate, 503–504, 504f,
510–511, 514
participation in, 842
spectator, 502–503
Sprague, Frank J., 500
Spreckels, Rudolph, 561
Sputnik, 753, 754f, 768
Squanto, 36
Square deal, 571, 573
Squatters, 58
Squatter’s rights, 58
Stagflation, 801–802
Stalin, Joseph, 740f
Allies and, 732–733
atom bomb and, 740, 744–745
death of, 753
at Potsdam Conference, 733–734
Truman and, 739–740
U.S. views of, 732
at Yalta Conference, 733, 733f
Stalingrad, battle of, 723
Stamp Act, 101–103, 101f, 102f,
109, 116, 128
Stamp Act Congress, 102, 104
Stampp, Kenneth, 330, 413
Standard Oil Company, 468–470,
472–474, 557–558
Standard Oil Trust, 469–470, 570
Stanford, Leland, 448, 449, 530
Stanford University, 514
Stanton, Edwin M., 385, 411
Stanton, Elizabeth Cady, 284, 414,
565, 567
Starr, Kenneth, 851, 852, 853
“The Star Spangled Banner” (Key),
202–203
Star Wars defense system, 807
State governments, 130–131
reform in, 561, 563
social legislation passed by,
563–565
State of the Union address, 148State representation, 147
States’ rights, 298, 366
See alsoNullification
Democratic party and, 262f
doctrine of, 252
Jackson and Calhoun on, 255
Whig party and, 262f
States’ Rights party, 743
Statue of Liberty, 640f
St. Augustine, Florida, 90
St. Clair, Arthur, 157
Steamboats, 237, 237f, 238f, 519f
development of, 236, 238
Gibbons v. Ogdenand, 242
Steamships, 336–337
Steel-cable suspension bridge, 501
Steel industry, 461, 464
Bessemer process and, 461, 467
competition and monopoly in,
466–467
strikes in, 481, 634
union and, 697
Steel mills, 466f
Steel plow, 339
Steel rails, 460
Steffens, Lincoln, 557, 561
Stein, Gertrude, 655
Steinbeck, John, 692
Stephens, Alexander H., 407
Stephens, Uriah S., 478
Stephenson, David C., 654
Stetson, Charlotte Perkins, 516–517,
516 f
St. Eustache Cathedral, 47f
Stevens, John, 236
Stevens, John L., 589
Stevens, Thaddeus, 378, 405, 406,
407, 411f, 418
Stevenson, Adlai E., 749
Stewart, Alexander T., 470–471
Stieglitz, Alfred, 560
Stimson, Henry L., 673, 703,
706, 720
St. Lawrence River, 27
St. Leger, Barry, 122–123
St. Louis, 840m
Stockman, David, 809
Stock market
crash of 1929, 676–677
crash of 1987, 817
dot-com boom and, 855
financial crisis of 2008–2009 and,
871, 872
speculation in, 676, 677
Stoddard, Solomon, 87, 88
Stokes, Edith, 615f
Stone, Harlan Fiske, 696
Stone, Henry B., 480