482 Index
Complete declarative sentences, 145
Complexity, organizing by, 185, 193
Computer-generated presentation aids, 300–301,- See also Keynote; PowerPoint; Prezi
Computers, as presentation aids, 303
Conclusions (in reasoning), 379
Conclusions (of speeches), 38, 227–234
inspirational appeals or challenges in, 232
knowing, 22
purposes of, 228–231
references to introduction in, 231–232
Confidence, 15–27
building, 21–26
understanding your nervousness and, 17–20
Conflict management, in small groups, 441
Confrontational style of communication
anxiety, 20
Connotation, 240–241
Consensus, 439
Context, 7
Contradiction, gestures for, 264–265
Conversation, platform, 256
Cook, Tim, 276
Coordinators, for group presentations, 418
Costolo, Dick, 216
Country codes, 156
Courage, appeals to, 392
Couric, Katie, 16
Cowan, Gloria, 55
Credibility, 50–51
audience attitude and, 117
elements of, 373–374
establishing, 215–216, 372–375
of evidence, 384
eye contact and, 262
phases of, 374–375
Crisis rhetoric, 245
Critical listeners, 79
Critical listening, 81–84
Critical thinking, 3–4, 82
Criticism, 88. See also Feedback
rhetorical, 85
Cross-cultural approach, to persuasion, 361–362
Cultural anthropologists, 113–114
Culture
in audience analysis, 32, 107–108
describing and adapting to, 109
eye contact and, 262
gestures and, 263–264
organization and, 191
reasoning and, 381–382
Cunningham, Michael, 165
Central ideas, 35
audience-centered, 146
complete, declarative sentence, 145
developing, 143–146
for informative speeches, 337–338
for persuasive speeches, 363–367
reemphasizing in conclusions, 228–229
single, 145
Ceremonial speaking, 420–427
Chalkboards, as presentation aids, 300
Challenges, in conclusion, 232
Channels, in communication process, 5–6
Charisma, 374
Charts, as presentation aids, 298–299
Cheney, Dick, 243
Chesterton, G. K., 329
Chestnutt, Charles W., 215
Christ, Carol, 52
Christie, Chris, 223
Chronological organization, 186–187
Churchill, Winston, 16, 247
Cicero, 8, 131, 315
Citations, 60–61
Clarity, speaking with, 324–325
Classification, definition by, 168
Clay, Henry, 9
Clemens, Clara, 120
Clemens, Samuel. See Twain, Mark
Clinton, Bill, 57, 259, 270, 274, 414, 426
Clinton, Hillary Rodham, 57–58, 165
Closed-ended questions, 100, 101
Closure, providing in conclusion, 229–231
Coca-Cola Company, 247
Codes, 5
Cognitive dissonance, motivation and, 352,
353–355, 359
Colbert, Stephen, 273
Commemorative addresses, 425–426
Commencement addresses, 424–425
Commercial domains, 156
Common ground, with audience, establishing,
102–103
Common values, identifying, 113–114
Communication
as action, 5–6
as interaction, 6–7
nonverbal. See Nonverbal communication
in small groups. See Small group communication
as transaction, 7–8
Communications Decency Act of 1996, 53
Competence, credibility and, 373
Complementing, gestures for, 265Z06_BEEB3981_05_SE_INDX_480-492.indd 482 11/19/14 4:21 PM