A Visual Encyclopedia of the Periodic Table

Actinides Atomic structure All the elements in this group have two electrons in their outer shell. Their atoms all have seven el ...

120 Actinides 120 The most common natural radioactive metal, thorium is used inside vacuum tubes to allow an electric current to ...

121 Actinides 121 The name protactinium means “before actinium”. This is because a uranium atom decays to form a protactinium at ...

122 Actinides Sitting next to uranium in the periodic table, neptunium was named after the planet Neptune. It exists in small am ...

123 Actinides This metallic element is not found in nature. Instead, it is produced inside nuclear reactors when uranium or plut ...

124 Actinides Curium is a silvery, radioactive metal that glows reddish purple in the dark. This element was discovered by the U ...

125 Actinides Californium Cf 98 Einsteinium Es 99 Only a few milligrams of einsteinium are made every year. This machine uses ca ...

126 Actinides Fm 100 State: Solid Discovery: 1955 101 101 157 Mendelevium Md 101 This artificial element was named after the Ita ...

127 Actinides Nobelium No 102 State: Solid Discovery: 1965 103 103 163 Lawrencium Lr 103 Lawrencium is named after the US scient ...

Pure gallium (Ga) becomes liquid at 29°C (84.2°F). 128-129_Boron_Group_Opener.indd 128 12/12/16 5:39 pm ...

Atomic structure Members of this group have three electrons in the outer shell of every atom. Some elements have unstable isotop ...

130 The Boron Group Forms Boron B 5 5 5 6 State: Solid Discovery: 1808 Some boron compounds are among the toughest artificial su ...

131 The Boron Group Uses Tough, heat-resistant glassware, such as measuring cups, are strengthened with boron. Boric acid is a n ...

132 This slice of aluminium phosphate mineral has a turquoise green colour. This cr ystal contains aluminium and sulfur compound ...

133 The Boron Group This foil does not break even as it is bent and twisted. The aluminium casing protects the touchscreen. This ...

Jet turbine The curved blades of this jet engine are shaped very precisely to catch the air, and they are also strong enough to ...

Aluminium is what makes high-speed, long-range air travel possible. Easily moulded, it is one-quarter the weight of steel, and i ...

136 The Boron Group Gallium Ga 31 Forms Uses Gallium melts at just 29°C (84.2°F), which means it soon becomes liquid when held i ...

137 The Boron Group Indium In 49 Forms Uses Indium is named after indigo, which is the colour of the light its atoms release whe ...

138 The Boron Group Tl 81 Thallium was named after the Greek word thallos, which means “green shoot”: it was first identified fr ...