Encyclopedia of the Solar System 2nd ed

640 Encyclopedia of the Solar System FIGURE 3 Earth’s aurora. Four X-rays images (shown on the same brightness scale) of the nor ...

composition, at∼20-to 50-km resolution from∼100- to 200-km altitude polar orbits. Early observations from Earth orbit were made ...

642 Encyclopedia of the Solar System (a) (b) FIGURE 4 The Moon. (a)ROSATsoft X-ray (0.1–2 keV) images of the Moon at first (left ...

FIGURE 5 Venus. (a) First X-ray image of Venus, obtained withChandraACIS-I on 13 January 2001. The X-rays result mainly from flu ...

644 Encyclopedia of the Solar System FIGURE 6 Mars. (a) First X-ray image of Mars, obtained withChandraACIS-I. The X-rays result ...

X-Rays in the Solar System 645 was consistent with fluorescent scattering of solar X-rays in the upper Mars atmosphere. The X-ra ...

646 Encyclopedia of the Solar System FIGURE 7 Mars.XMM-Newton’s RGS images of Mars and its halo in the individual emission lines ...

X-Rays in the Solar System 647 FIGURE 8 Jupiter. (a) Detailed X-ray morphology first obtained with Chandra HRC-I on 18 Dec. 2000 ...

648 Encyclopedia of the Solar System jovian upper atmosphere. This is also supported by model- ing studies. Recently,XMM-Newtona ...

X-Rays in the Solar System 649 FIGURE 9 Galilean Moons. Chandra X-ray images of Io and Europa (0.25 keV<E<2.0 keV) from No ...

650 Encyclopedia of the Solar System FIGURE 10 Plasma Torus. (a) Chandra/HRC-I image of the IPT (2000 December 18). The image ha ...

X-Rays in the Solar System 651 FIGURE 11 Saturn. (a) Chandra ACIS X-ray 0.24–2.0 keV images of Saturn on January 20 and 26, 2004 ...

652 Encyclopedia of the Solar System (a) Jan 20, 2004 Jan 26, 2004 −2.−1. −1. 1. 1. 2. 0 −1. 1. 0 0 RS RS RS RS Brightness (R) 0 ...

X-Rays in the Solar System 653 aperture at the comet. The quoted value assumes aROSAT photon emission rate ofPX∼ 1025 s−^1 (0.1– ...

654 Encyclopedia of the Solar System ...

X-Rays in the Solar System 655 morphologies seen in comets like d’Arrest 1997 and 2P/ Encke 2003. Up until now, the temporal var ...

656 Encyclopedia of the Solar System elemental ratios for Mg/Si, Al/Si, Ca/Si, and Fe/Si on Eros are most consistent with a prim ...

X-Rays in the Solar System 657 TABLE 1 Summary of the Characteristics of Soft X-Ray Emission from Solar System Bodies Power Obje ...

658 Encyclopedia of the Solar System solar wind has fallen to that of the ISM gas. The region of space containing plasma of sola ...

100-C 25-C 50-C 75-C C+M 50-C+M C+Y 50-C+Y M+Y 50-M+Y 100-M 25-M 50-M 75-M 100-Y 25-Y 50-Y 75-Y 100-K 25-K 25-19-19 50-K50-40-40 ...