A History of Modern Europe - From the Renaissance to the Present

86 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations Christendom and daunting problems of transportation and communication made it difficult for the ...

The Roots of the Reformation 87 pope’s denunciation of their wealth and privileges. Furthermore, they now viewed him as temperam ...

88 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations importance of leading a good, simple life. The Great Schism may have increased the yearning for ...

The Roots of the Reformation 89 The Council of Constance first turned its attention to Jan Hus. Holding a safe-conduct pass give ...

90 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations a corporation of cardinals that could override the pope. William of Occam had argued a century e ...

The Roots of the Reformation 91 Another clerical practice that was much criticized was that of the sale of Church offices, known ...

92 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations houses uphold their vows of chastity. The council also suggested missions to carry the Church’s ...

The Roots of the Reformation 93 became obsessed with a phrase from the Bible (Romans 1:17), “The just shall live by faith.” Such ...

94 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations trying to remain on good terms with Frederick III, a strong candidate for election as Holy Roman ...

Social Background of the Reformation in the German States 95 Charles V had been elected Holy Roman emperor following his father’ ...

96 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations burghers. Reformers found these communities fertile ground for Luthers ideas. Complaining of inc ...

Social Background of the Reformation in the German States 97 Luther and his followers denied the special status of the clergy as ...

98 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations Map 3.1 The Peasants’ Revolt, 1525-1526 Sites of peasant uprisings in parts of the central and s ...

The Spread of the Reformation 99 Although Luther had never intended to bring about a permanent division within Christianity, his ...

100 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations itself; for the reformers, rhetoric was a method for teaching the Scriptures and for arguing in ...

The Spread of the Reformation 101 1526, the Turks defeated the Hungarian king at Mohacs in Hungary. This left Lutheran missionar ...

...

The Reformation in Switzerland and France 103 The Peace of Augsburg of 1555 was a compromise. It was agreed upon by the imperial ...

104 Ch. 3 • The Two Reformations A doctrinal conflict among reformers helped define the character of the Swiss Reformation. Luth ...

The Reformation in Switzerland and France^105 Map 3.3 Radical Religious Movements Areas in which there were Hussites, Utraquists ...